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1、reVIeWoFthemonthWhyEcologicalRevolution?JohnBellamyFosterItisnowuniversallyrecognizedwithinsciencethathumanityiscon-frontingtheprospect—ifwedonotsoonchangecourse—ofaplanetaryecologicalcollapse.Notonlyistheglobalecologicalcrisisbecomingmoreandmoresevere,withthetimeinwh
2、ichtoaddressitfastrunningout,butthedominantenvironmentalstrategiesarealsoformsofdenial,demonstrablydoomedtofail,judgingbytheirownlimitedobjectives.Thistragicfailure,Iwillargue,canbeattributedtotherefusalofthepowersthatbetoaddresstherootsoftheecologicalproblemincapital
3、istproductionandtheresultingnecessityofecologicalandsocialrevolution.Theterm“crisis,”attachedtotheglobalecologicalproblem,althoughunavoidable,issomewhatmisleading,givenitsdominanteconomicassociations.Since2008,wehavebeenlivingthroughaworldeconomiccrisis—theworsteconom
4、icdownturnsincethe1930s.Thishasbeenasourceofuntoldsufferingforhundredsofmillions,indeedbillions,ofpeople.Butinsofarasitisrelatedtothebusinesscycleandnottolong-termfactors,expectationsarethatitistempo-raryandwillend,tobefollowedbyaperiodofeconomicrecoveryandgrowth—unti
5、ltheadventofthenextcrisis.Capitalismis,inthissense,acrisis-ridden,cyclicaleconomicsystem.Evenifweweretogofurther,toconcludethatthepresentcrisisofaccumulationispartofalong-termeconomicstagnationofthesystem—thatis,aslowdownofthetrend-rateofgrowthbeyondthemerebusinesscyc
6、le—wewouldstillseethisasapartial,historicallylimitedcalamity,raising,atmost,thequestionofthefutureofthepresentsystemofproduction.1Whenwespeaktodayoftheworldecologicalcrisis,however,wearereferringtosomethingthatcouldturnouttobefinal,i.e.,thereisahighprobability,ifwedon
7、otquicklychangecourse,ofaterminalcrisis—adeathofthewholeanthropocene,theperiodofhumandom-inanceoftheplanet.HumanactionsaregeneratingenvironmentalThisarticlewaswrittenforpresentationattheWorkshoponMarxistTheoryandPracticeintheWorldToday,HoChiMinhAcademyofPoliticsandPub
8、licAdministration,Hanoi,Vietnam,December16,2009.Thebasicargumentevolvedoutofatalkon“TheRootsoftheWorldEcologicalCrisis,”deli