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1、一、原文buildingtypesanddesignAbuildingiscloselyboundupwithpeople，foritprovideswiththenecessaryspacetoworkandlivein.Asclassifiedbytheiruse,buildingsaremainlyoftwotypes:industrialbuildingsandcivilbuildings.industrialbuildingsareusedbyvariousfactoriesorindustrialproductionwh
2、ilecivilbuildingsarethosethatareusedbypeoplefordwelling,employment,educationandothersocialactivities.Industrialbuildingsarefactorybuildingsthatareavailableforprocessingandmanufacturingofvariouskinds,insuchfieldsastheminingindustry,themetallurgicalindustry,machinebuildi
3、ng,thechemicalindustryandthetextileindustry.factorybuildingscanbeclassifiedintotwotypessingle-storyonesandmulti-storyones.theconstructionofindustrialbuildingsisthesameasthatofcivilbuildings.however,industrialandcivilbuildingsdifferinthematerialsusedandinthewaytheyareus
4、ed.Civilbuildingsaredividedintotwobroadcategories:residentialbuildingsandpublicbuildings.residentialbuildingsshouldsuitfamilylife.eachflatshouldconsistofatleastthreenecessaryrooms:alivingroom,akitchenandatoilet.publicbuildingscanbeusedinpolitics,culturalactivities,admi
5、nistrationworkandotherservices,suchasschools,officebuildings,parks,hospitals,shops,stations,theatres,gymnasiums,hotels,exhibitionhalls,bathpools,andsoon.allofthemhavedifferentfunctions,whichinturnrequiredifferentdesigntypesaswell.Housingisthelivingquartersforhumanbeing
6、s.thebasicfunctionofhousingistoprovideshelterfromtheelements,butpeopletodayrequiremuchmorethatoftheirhousing.afamilymovingintoanewneighborhoodwilltoknowiftheavailablehousingmeetsitsstandardsofsafety,health,andcomfort.afamilywillalsoaskhownearthehousingistograinshops,fo
7、odmarkets,schools,stores,thelibrary,amovietheater,andthecommunitycenter.Inthemid-1960’samostimportantvalueinhousingwassufficientspacebothinsideandout.amajorityoffamiliespreferredsingle-familyhomesonabouthalfanacreofland,whichwouldprovidespaceforspare-timeactivities.inh
8、ighlyindustrializedcountries,manyfamiliespreferredtoliveasfaroutaspossiblefromthecenterofametropolitanarea,evenifthew
