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1、Chapter4Affixation词缀法（30%-40%）Compounding复合构词法（28%-30%）Conversion转类法（26%）Shortening缩略法（8%-10%）包括（clipping截短法acronymy首字母拼音法）Blending拼缀法(1%-5%)一.Affixation词缀法Affixation,alsocalledderivation派生法（derivatives派生词）,istheformationofnewwordsbyaddingaffixestostems.Affixationistheformationofwordby
2、addingword-formingorderivationalaffixestostems.Prefixation前缀法Prefixationistheformationofnewwordsbyaddingprefixestostems.Feature:prefixesdonotgenerallychangetheword–classofthestembutonlymodifyitsmeaning.Classification:weshallclassifyprefixesonasemanticbasisintoninegroups.Negativeprefixe
3、s否定意义的词缀：a-,dis-,in-(il-,ir-,im-),non-,nu-.Reversativeprefixes逆向意义的词缀：de-,dis-,un-.e.g.de-compose,unwarp.Pejorativeprefixes贬义的词缀:mal-,mis-,pseudo-.e.g.mistrust,pseudo-friend.Prefixesofdegreeorsize表示程度、大小等意义的词缀:arch-,extra-,hyper-,macro-,micro-,mini-,out-,over-,sub-,super-,sur-,ultra-,u
4、nder-.e.g.archbishop,hyperactive,superfreeze.Prefixesoforientationandattitude表示倾向和态度等意义的前缀：anti-,contra-,counter-pro-.e.g.anti-government,Locativeprefixes方位意义的词缀：extra-,fore-,inter-,intra-,tele-,trans-.E.g.extraordinary,telecommunication,Prefixesoftimeandorder表示时间和顺序的词缀:ex-,fore-,post-
5、,pre-,re-.e.g.ex-professor,foretell,post-election.Numberprefixes数字的前缀:bi-,multi-,poly-,semi-,hemi-,tri-,uni-,mono-.E.g.multi-purpose,semi-naked,tricycle,monorail.Miscellaneousprefixes其他种类意义的前缀:auto-,neo-,pan-,vice-.e.g.autobiography,vice-chairman.Suffixation后缀法Suffixationistheformation
6、ofnewwordsbyaddingsuffixestostems.Feature:suffixesmainlychangethewordclass.Classification:weshallgroupsuffixesonagrammaticalbasisintonounsuffixes,verbsuffixes,adjectivesuffixes,adverbsuffixes.Adjectivesuffixes:Itisworthnotingthatboth–icand–icalcanbeaffixedtothesamesteminsomecases,butdi
7、fferinmeaning.e.g.economiceconomical二.Compounding复合构词法Compounding,alsocalledcomposition（compounds复合词）,istheformationofnewwordsbyjoiningtwoormorestems.Wordsproducedthroughcompoundingyields28%-30%ofallthenewwords.Thedifferencesbetweencompoundsandfreephrasesshowinthreeaspects:1)Phoneti
