AP考试 欧洲历史 宗教改革部分笔记

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1、Chapter13-ReformationProtestantReformationNotesSolaScriptura:The“wordalone”,battlecryofthereformationWhydidLuthersucceedwhereHussandWyclifffailed?·Problemswerefacingthechurch:1.RenaissancePopesweretooworldly2.Churchofficialswerepoorlyeducated3.Priestswerenot

2、followingtherules(wives/worldly)4.Peopledevelopedhigherstandards·educationally/socially·ChristianHumanists&leadersoftheNorthernRenaissancewhofocusedonReligionpresentednewideas.1.Printingpress(permissivecause)2.InthenorthItalianHumanismwascombinedwithtraditio

3、ntheology=ChristianHumanismItalianHumanism:-Secularinterests-Classicalculture(Textsandlanguage)-Beautyofprose-ExaminedwordsandtheirmeaningChristianHumanists:-Reformmovement-Appliedtheidealsofhumanismtochurchdoctrine-SoughttomakepeoplebetterChristians-Educati

4、onofWomen-ChallengedChurcheducation:Scholasticism(formofteachingandlearning),rotememorizationemphasized,nocriticalthinkingImpact:·Challengedthechurcheducation·Establishedanewintellectualelite(16thCentury)·Usetheirabilitytoreexaminechurchdoctrine,helppeoplebe

5、comebetterChristians1.Erasmus·GoalwastounitetheindividualChristianwithtextualbasisofChristiandoctrine1.Attackedscholasticism,superstitionandtraditiontorestoreChristtoacentralroleinpeople’slives1.InPraiseofFolly·madefunofilliterateandinnumeratepeopleinsociety

6、·Priestsgetespeciallyharshtreatment-illiterate1.ThomasMore-Utopia(“noplace”)·societybasedonreason/mercy(Plato’sRepublic+Monasticlife)1.nogreed,corruption,warorcrime(abolishedthe7deadlysins)·GoalwastoinstructpeopletoliveamoreChristianlife·AsocietyfoundedonChr

7、istianprincipleswouldleadtoaChristianlifeWhydidthesewritershavesuchagreateffectoverpeople’sideas?3.InventionofthePrintingpress·1455movabletypeandpaperemergedresultinginthefirstprintingpress.1.in50years9-10millionbookswereprinted.2.Bibleisthefirstbookprintedb

8、yJohannGutenburg·Educationincreased·Enabledgovernmenttoincreaseuniformityoflaw·Helpedspreadnewlyemergingscientificideas·Standardizelanguage(LatinandVernacular)·Increasedthevalueplacedonthediscov