研究生英语阅读教程Unit1

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1、UnitOneContentsIntroductionText(A)analysisSomecommentsonwritingText(B)analysisFurtherreadingExercises9/16/20212IntroductionTextAisoneoftheearliestexistingdocumentsofGreekphilosophyandtraditionallythefirstcompletetextreadinthestudyofClassicalGreek.TextBarguesforareadyapologyinlifeandconc

2、ludesapersonwhoapologizeshasthemoralballinhiscourt.9/16/20213Whatisanapology?1.TheliteralmeaningAstatementexpressingthatoneissorryforhavingdonesomethingwrong,forcausingpainortrouble.9/16/202143.ApologyIsforEveryone.QuotationsandProverbsApologyisalovelyperfume;itcantransformtheclumsiestm

3、omentintoagraciousgift.MargaretLeeRunbeckAclearconscienceismorevaluablethanwealth.FilipinoProverb9/16/202154.ThechangeinthemeaningofapologyInancientGreek,itwasjurisprudential(法理学的):signifying(meaning)adefense,oradefensespeechinwhichtheprosecution’scasewasansweredpointbypoint.9/16/20216T

4、heApologyofSocratesA.苏格拉底的申辩B.苏格拉底的道歉9/16/20217Socrates(469BC–399BC)ClassicalGreekAthenianphilosopher,anenigmatic(puzzling,mysterious)figureknownchieflythroughtheaccountsoflaterclassicalwriters,especiallythewritingsofhisstudentsPlato(柏拉图)andXenophon(色诺芬).9/16/20218TextanalysisTextAApolo

5、gy of Socrates(excerpt)9/16/202191.SupportingideasEternityisthenonlyasinglenight.WhatwouldnotamangiveifhemightconversewiththesonsofGod?PartI.Deathisanunspeakablegain.9/16/2021102.苏格拉底的罪名Socrateswassentencedtodeathfordenyingtheofficialgodsandcorruptingtheyouth.公元前399年，一个叫莫勒图斯的年轻人在雅典状告哲学家

6、苏格拉底，说他不信城邦诸神，引进新的精灵之事，败坏青年。于是，苏格拉底被传讯，在500人组成的陪审团面前作了著名的申辩。但申辩并没有挽救苏格拉底的性命。他最后被判处死刑。苏格拉底之死和耶稣之死，为西方文明打下了两个基本色调。而苏格拉底之死之所以成为西方哲学史上的核心事件，首先归功于柏拉图的《苏格拉底的申辩》。9/16/202111Inhisfinalspeech,SocratestellstheAtheniansthattheywillbeshamedinthefuturefortheiractionandexplainswhyhedoesn’tfeardeath.(

7、SeeNote1)9/16/2021123.IsSocratesafraidofdeath?Letusreflectandweshallseethatthereisgreatreasontohopethatdeathisagood,foroneoftwothings---eitherdeathisastateofnothingnessandutterunconsciousness,or,asmensay,thereisachangeandmigrationofthesoulfromthisworldtoanother.(translate)9/16/