固有免疫系统-课件

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1、InnateImmuneSystemmonocytemacrophagebacteriaThemostancientdefensePhysical&chemicalbarriersandcellularlineRecognitionbytheinnateimmunesystemsetsthestageforaneffectiveadaptiveimmuneresponse.机体在种系发生和进化过程中逐渐形成的一种天然免疫防御功能，构成机体抵御病原生物入侵的第一道防线.InnateimmuneTheevolutionofimmunesystemConservedsignallingin

2、innateimmunityinDrosophilaandmammals.固有免疫系统的组成屏障细胞分子皮肤黏膜屏障：物理、化学、微生物血-脑屏障、血-胸腺屏障血-胎屏障、气-血屏障单核-巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、树突状细胞、γδT细胞、NK细胞、NKT细胞、B1细胞、肥大细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、nuocyte等。抗菌肽、溶菌酶、急性期蛋白、补体、细胞因子和黏附分子、1、固有免疫屏障(1)TheEpithelialLayer:TheinitialbarriertoinfectionOuterbodysurfaceKeratinbarrierEpithelialcellshedd

3、ingDrynessepidermiswithkeratinPhysical(mechanical)defenseofskinInnerbodysurfacesMucusViscousProtectsunderlyingcellsContainsantimicrobialfactorsLysozymeConstantfluidflowTearsSalivaIntestinalperistalticUrineproductionandurinationVaginalsecretionsMucociliaryclearanceEpithelialcellsheddingPhysical(

4、mechanical)defenseofMucosaMucosalTissuesthesesurfacesareconstantlyexposedtobacteriaandotherorganismsSebum,unsaturatedfattyacids“antimicrobiallipids”LowpHSkin(pH3-5)Stomach(pH1.5–3)Vagina(pH3–5)Urine(pH6)9ChemicaldefenseTLRMicrobialProducts(LPS,PG,etc)AntimicrobialPeptidesCytokinesExpresstoll-li

5、kereceptorsthatrecognizespecificPAMPProduceantimicrobialpeptides(AMP):killmicrobesSecretepro-inflammatorycytokines:alertthehostImmunefunctionofepithelialcellsImmunesystemcellsinthelaminapropriaandintheepitheliallayerIntraepitheliallymphocytes(adaptiveimmunity)ThreeplaceswhereIgAcanneutralizeant

6、igensSecretoryIgA(adaptiveimmunity)Commensalspeciesarenonpathogenicmicroorganismsthatprotectepitheliumbycompetingwithpathogensfornutrientsandattachmentsites.Epitheliumisprotectedbyafloraofnonpathogenicmicroorganisms(commensalspecies)SkinTongueEsophagusRespiratorytractandheadouterear,eye,mouth,o

7、ropharynx,nasopharynxSterilesites:middleear,brain,lowerrespiratorytract(trachea,bronchiole,lung)Gastrointestinaltractesophagus,stomach,smallintestine,largeintestineGenitourinarysystemanteriorurethra,vaginaSterilesites:bladder,cerv