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1、J.IronSteelRes.Int.(2018)25:524–538https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-018-0064-9(0123456789().,-volV)ORIGINALPAPERAninput–outputmodelforenergyaccountingandanalysisofindustrialproductionprocesses:acasestudyofanintegratedsteelplant1111Xiao-junLiu•Sheng-mingLiao•
2、Zheng-huaRao•GangLiuReceived:28December2017/Revised:16March2018/Accepted:24April2018/Publishedonline:5June2018ÓChinaIronandSteelResearchInstituteGroup2018AbstractTopromotesustainability,ithasbecomeincreasinglyvitaltoproperlyaccountmaterialandenergyflowsinin
3、dustrialproductionprocesses.Therefore,agenericprocess-levelinput–output(IO)modelwasdevelopedtoprovideanintegratedenergy(material)accountingandanalysisapproachforindustrialproductionprocesses.Byextendingtheexistingprocess-levelIOmodels,theproduction,usage,e
4、xportandlossofby-productswereexplicitlyconsideredintheproposedIOmodel.Moreover,theby-productsallocationprocedureswereincorporatedintotheproposedIOmodeltoreflectindividualcontributionsofproductstoenergyconsumption.Finally,theproposedmodelenabledcalculatingem
5、bodiedenergyofmainproductsandtotalenergyconsumptionunderhierarchicalaccountingscope.Plantmanagers,energymanagementconsultants,governmentalofficialsandacademicresearcherscouldusethisinput–outputmodeltoaccountmaterialandenergyflows,thuscalculatingenergyconsump
6、tionindicatorsofaproductionprocesswiththeirspecificsystemboundaryrequirements.Theaccountingresultscouldbefurtherusedforenergylabeling,identifyingbottlenecksofproductionactivities,evaluatingindustrialsymbiosiseffects,improvingmaterialsandenergyutilizationeffi
7、ciency,etc.Themodelcouldalsobeusedasaplanningtooltodeterminetheeffectthataparticularchangeoftechnologyandsupplychainsmayhaveontheindustrialproductionprocesses.Theproposedmodelwastestedandappliedinarealintegratedsteelmill,whichalsoprovidedthereferenceresult
8、sforrelatedresearches.Atlast,someconcepts,computationalissuesandlimi-tationsoftheproposedmodelwerediscussed.KeywordsInput–outputmodelEnergyconsumptionEnergyaccountingEmbodiedenergyIndustrialproductionproc
