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1、Module5EthnicCulturePeriod5ReadingandVocabulary(2)■Goals●TogetsomeideaabouttheBaiethnicgroup●Todrawoutusefulinformationfromthetext■ProceduresStep1:WarmingupbyreadingapassageabouttheBaiethnicgroup.Hello,everyone,wehaveknownsomethingabouttheancienttownofLi
2、jiangandthehistoryoftheNaxiethnicgroup.Todaywe’llgoonwithourstudy.We’lllearnsomethingabouttheBaiethnicgroup.ArchaeologicalfindsfromCangerandHaimenkoushowthattheErhaiareawasinhabitedasearlyastheNeolithicAge,andartifactsoftheperiodindicatethatthepeopleofth
3、eregionusedstonetools,engagedinfarming,livestockrearing,fishingandhunting,anddweltincaves.Possibly,theybegantousebronzeknivesandswordsandothermetaltoolsabout2,000yearsago.ThepeopleintheErhaiareadevelopedclosertieswiththeHanmajorityininlandprovincesintheQ
4、inandHandynasties.In109BCtheWesternHanDynastysetupcountyadministrationsandmovedalargenumberofHanpeopletothisborderarea.Thesepeoplebroughtmoreadvancedproductiontechniquesandirontools,contributingtotheeconomicdevelopmentofthearea.DuringtheSuiandTangdynasti
5、es,thefarmingtherehadreachedalevelclosetothatofthecentralplains.BaiaristocratsbackedbytheTangcourtunifiedthepeopleoftheErhaiareaandestablishedtheNanzhaoregimeofYisandBais.Itsfirstchief,Piluoge,wasgrantedthetitleofKingofYunnanbyaTangemperor.Slaveswereused
6、todoheavylabor;whole“free”peasantsweresubjecttoheavytaxationandforcedtorendervariousservicesincludingconscriptionintothearmy.Someofthem,wholosttheirland,weremadeslaves.TheNanzhaoregimelastedfor250years.Duringthatperiodoftime,whilemaintainingagoodrelation
7、shipwiththecentralgovernment,therulerscruellyoppressedtheslavesandmercilesslyplunderedotherethnicnationalitiesthroughwarfare.Productivitywasthusseriouslyharmed.Thiscausedslaverebellionsanduprisings.Nanzhao’spowercametoanendintheyear902.Thenaregimebasedon
8、afeudallordsystem,knownastheKingdomofDali,wasestablished.Thekingdomadoptedaseriesofmeasuressuchasabolishingexorbitanttaxesandremovingconservativeministers.Asaresult,socialproductivitywasrestored.Thekingdomlastedforover300y
