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1、Module5EthnicCulture-ReadingandVocabulary(2)练习Period5ReadingandVocabulary(2)■Goals●TogetsomeideaabouttheBaiethnicgroup●Todrawoutusefulinformationfromthetext■ProceduresStep1:WarmingupbyreadingapassageabouttheBaiethnicgroup.Hello,everyone,wehaveknownsomethingabouttheancienttownofLij
2、iangandthehistoryoftheNaxiethnicgroup.Todaywe’llgoonwithourstudy.We’lllearnsomethingabouttheBaiethnicgroup.ArchaeologicalfindsfromCangerandHaimenkoushowthattheErhaiareawasinhabitedasearlyastheNeolithicAge,andartifactsoftheperiodindicatethatthepeopleoftheregionusedstonetools,engage
3、dinfarming,livestockrearing,fishingandhunting,anddweltincaves.Possibly,theybegantousebronzeknivesandswordsandothermetaltoolsabout2,000yearsago.ThepeopleintheErhaiareadevelopedclosertieswiththeHanmajorityininlandprovincesintheQinandHandynasties.In109BCtheWesternHanDynastysetupcount
4、yadministrationsandmovedalargenumberofHanpeopletothisborderarea.Thesepeoplebroughtmoreadvancedproductiontechniquesandirontools,contributingtotheeconomicdevelopmentofthearea.DuringtheSuiandTangdynasties,thefarmingtherehadreachedalevelclosetothatofthecentralplains.Baiaristocratsback
5、edbytheTangcourtunifiedthepeopleoftheErhaiareaandestablishedtheNanzhaoregimeofYisandBais.Itsfirstchief,Piluoge,wasgrantedthetitleofKingofYunnanbyaTangemperor.Slaveswereusedtodoheavylabor;whole“free”peasantsweresubjecttoheavytaxationandforcedtorendervariousservicesincludingconscrip
6、tionintothearmy.Someofthem,wholosttheirland,weremadeslaves.TheNanzhaoregimelastedfor250years.Duringthatperiodoftime,whilemaintainingagoodrelationshipwiththecentralgovernment,therulerscruellyoppressedtheslavesandmercilesslyplunderedotherethnicnationalitiesthroughwarfare.Productivit
7、ywasthusseriouslyharmed.Thiscausedslaverebellionsanduprisings.Nanzhao’spowercametoanendintheyear902.Thenaregimebasedonafeudallordsystem,knownastheKingdomofDali,wasestablished.Thekingdomadoptedaseriesofmeasuressuchasabolishingexorbitanttaxesandremovingconservativeministers.Asaresul
8、t,socialproductivitywasrestored.T
