【威学教育】王鑫托福阅读TPO29-2阅读文本

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1、【王鑫托福阅读】托福TPO全集之TPO29-2TPO29-21.Thephraseumechanismsofnaturalselection”inthepassageisclosestinmcaningtoAtypesofnaturalselectionBdangersofnaturalselectionCproblemsnatura]seiectionsolvesDwaysnaturalselectionworks2.Accordingtoparagraph1,whatisoneeffectofcompetitionamongindividualsofdifferentspecies?AI

2、tresultsintheeventualeliminationoftheresourceforwhichtheyarecompeting.BItleadstocompetitionamongindividualsofthesamespecies.CItencouragesnewspeciestoimmigratetoanarea・DItcontrolsthenumberofindividualsinthecompetingpopulations.3・Theword"indigenous”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoAnativeBrateCmostDnu

3、merous4.Inparagraph1,whydoestheauthormentionwhathappenedinNewZealand?AToindicatethatDarwinunderstoodtheimportanceofcompetitionBToillustratethatcompetitioncanleadtotheextinctionofspeciesCToidentifywheretheideaofcompetitionamongspeciesfirstaroseDToargueagainsttheideathattheprocessofselectionisanatura

4、loccurrenceCompetitionWhenseveralindividualsofthesamespeciesorofseveraldiffcrentspeciesdependonthesamelimitedresource,asituationmayarisethatisreferredtoascompetition.Theexistenceofcompetitionhasbeenlongknowntonaturalists;itseffectsweredescribedbyDarwininconsiderabledetail.Competitionamongindividual

5、softhesamespecies(intraspeciescompetition),oneofthemajormechanismsofnaturalselection,istheconcernofevolutionarybiology.Competitionamongtheindividualsofdifferentspecies(interspeciescompetition)isamajorconcernofecology.Itisoneofthefactorscontrollingthesizeofcompetingpopulations,andextremecasesitmayle

6、adtotheextinct!onofoneofthecompetingspecies・ThiswasdescribedbyDarwinforindigenousNewZealandspeciesofanimalsandplants,whichdiedoutwhencompetingspeciesfromEuropewereintroduced.5.Accordingtoparagraph2,competitionisnotusuallyasignificantfactoramongtwocoexistingspecieswhenAoneofthespecieshasonlyrecently

7、movedintotheterritoryoftheotherBthespeciesarecloselyrelatedtoeachotherCthepopulationofonespeciesismuch1argerthanthatoftheotherDbothofthespeciesareherbivores1.Theword"graphicallyinthepassageisclosestinmeanin