【威学教育】王鑫托福阅读TPO17-3阅读文本

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1、【王鑫托福阅读】托福TPO17-3阅读文本TPO17TP017-3SymbioticRelationships1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcommensalismcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A・Itexcludesinteractionsbetweenmorethantwospecies.B.Ttmakesit1ess1ikelyforspecieswithinacommunitytosurvive.C・Itssignificancetotheorganizationofbiologicalcommunities

2、issmal1・D・Itsroleinthestructureofbiologicalpopulationsisadisruptiveone・2・ThewordderivesinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.DigestsB・ObtainsC・ControlsD.Discovers3.Accordingtoparagraph2.whichofthefollowingistrueoftheactionofnaturalselectiononhostsandparasites?BA・Hostsbenefitmorefromnaturalselection

3、thanparasitesdo.B・Bothaggressioninpredatorsanddefensivecapacitiesinhostsarefavoredforspeciessurvival.B.Theabilitytomaketoxicchemicalsenablesaparasitetofindandisolateitshost.D・Largersizeequipsaparasitetopreyonsmallerhostorganisms.Asymbioticrelationshipisaninteractionbetweentwoormorespeciesinwhic

4、honespecies1ivesinoronanotherspecies.Therearethreemaintypesofsymbioticrelationships:parasitism,commensalism,andmutualism.Thefirstandthethirdcanbekeyfactorsinthestructureofabiologicalcommunity;thatis,allthepopulationsoforganismslivingtogetherandpotentiallyinteractinginaparticulararea.Parasitismi

5、sakindofpredator-preyrelationshipinwhichoneorganism,theparasite,derivesitsfoodattheexpenseofitssymbioticassociate,thehost.Parasitesareusuallysmallerthantheirhosts.Anexampleofaparasiteisatapewormthat1ivesinsidetheintestinesofalargeranimalandabsorbsnutrientsfromitshost-Naturalselectionfavorsthepa

6、rasitesthatarebestabletofindandfeedonhosts.Atthesametime,defensivcabilitiesofhostsarealsoselectedfor.Asanexample,plantsmakechemicalstoxictofungalandbacterialparasites,alongwithonestoxictopredatoryanimals(sometimestheyarethesamechemicals).Invertebrates,theimmunesystemprovidesamultipledefenseagai

7、nstinternalparasites・3.TheworddevastatedinthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.InfluencedA.InfectedB.strengthenedD・destroyed5・Whichofthefollowingcanbeconeludedfromthediscussioninparagraph3abouttheAustralianrabbitpopulation?A.Ilumaninte