【威学教育】王鑫托福阅读TPO25-2阅读文本

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1、【王鑫托福阅读】托福TPO全集之TPO25-2TPO25TP025-2TheDeclineofVenetianShipping1.ThewordresurgenceninthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoAtransformationBcomebackCprogramDexpansion2.Theword“compulsorily”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoAforfreeBforatimeCbyrequirementDbydesign3・Accordingtoparagraph2,whic

2、hofthefollowingcontributedtothedeclineofVenetianshipping?AThelossoftradeinAdriaticSeaBThemovefromgalleystoroundshipsCThedecreaseddemandforgalleysDThedoublingofsailor，swages4.Allofthefollowingarementionedinparagraph2aswaysthatVeniceprovidedrowersforitsgalleyEXCEPTARequiringbusines

3、sassociationstoprovidesailorsBRecruitingsailorsfromothercitiesinnorthernTtalyCDraftingVenetiancitizensintoservicesasrowersDAppealingtothetraditionsofVeniceasaseapower.Inthelatethirteenthcentury,northernItaliancitiessuchasGenoa,Florence,andVenicebegananeconomicresurgeneethatmadeth

4、emintothemostimportanteconomiccentersofEurope.Bytheseventeenthcentury,however,otherEuropeanpowershadtakenover,astheItaliancitieslostmuchoftheireconomicmight.ThisdeclinecanbeseenclearlyinthechangesthataffectedVenetianshippingandtrade.First,Vcnice，sintermediaryfunctionsintheAdriati

5、cSea,whereithaddominatedthebusinessofshippingforotherparties,werelosttodirecttrading.Inthefifteenthcenturytherewaslittieproblemrecruitingsailorstorowthegalleys(largeshipspropelledbyoars):guilds(businessassociations)wererequiredtoproviderowers,andthroughadraftsystemfreecitizensser

6、vedcompulsorilywhencalledfor.Tntheearlysixteenthcenturytheshortageofrowerswasnotseriousbecausethedemandforgalleyswaslimitedbyamovetoroundships(round-hulledshipswithmorecargospace),withrequiredfewerrowers.Buttheshortageofcrewsprovedtobeagreaterandgreaterproblem,despitecontinuousap

7、pealtoVenic，straditionofmaritimegreatness-Eventhoughsailors，wagesdoubledamongthenorthernItaliancitiesfrom1550to1590,thisdidnotelicitanincreasedsupply.andg)wly4.ThewordmeaningtoAstrictBenforcedCimprovedDold-fashioned6・Accordingtoparagraphs3,whydidthebuildingofshipsinVonetianshipya

8、rdsbecomeincreasinglyexpensive?AThewages