英语句子成分分析学案

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1、句子成分及结构一句子成分现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基木成分有七种：除主语(subject)>谓语(predicate)、、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)和补语(complement)之外还有表语(predicative)(同位语)。主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首，通常由名词性的词來充当。练习1.在下而句子的主语下而划横线1.Duringthe1990s,Americancountrymusichasbecomemorea

2、ndmorepopular2.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.3.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.4.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.5.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.6.Therichshouldhelpthepoor7.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.8.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlangu

3、age.9.Thatheisrftathomeisnottrue练习2.改错1)Doexerciseeverydayisgoodforyourhealth.2)Allwhathesaidisn5ttrue.3)Hecamelatemadehisteacherangry.4)Onthedeskistwobooks・2.谓语：谓语由动词充当，说明主语所作的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语的构成如下：1、简单谓语：Hepracticesrunningeverymoming.Hereadsnewspaperseveryday,2、項合谓

4、语：由情态新厨应朮他助动词加动词构成。如：YoujuajLkCCRthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold.Mysisteriscryingoverthere.IhaYCbcenwitiogforyouallthetime.LWU以憑yathomeallday.考点1・石一般现在时中要注意动词笫三人称单数当主语是复数吋(不止-个人)，后面用动词原形。当主语是一个人，并且不是I和you,谓语要用第三人称单数，也就是在后面加-s

5、veryday.2.TomandMike(go)toschooleveryday.3.Hischildren(go)toschooleveryday.4.Tom(go)toschooleveryday.1.Mybrother(go)toschooleveryday.2.Yoursister(go)toschooleveryday.3.Theirson(go)toschooleveryday.4.He/She(go)toschooleveryday.考点2・谓语両有动词，因此形容词前面要加上系动词才能作谓语。如：Ourscho

6、olverybeautifulandwelikeitverymuch.x改-考点3・在复合谓语中,情态动词和助动词，如:will,shall,would,should,can,maymust,could,might,还冇hadto,hadbetter,usedto,wouldrather等，都没冇人称和数的变化，后面用动词原形。修改下而句子：Shemightstayedathome.Hemustcomes.Itrainingheavily.Theyplantingtreesonthefarm.3.表语：表语多是形容词，用以说

7、明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词(如be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem等)之后。划出下列句中的表语，并说明有什么充当。1)OurEnglishteacherisanAmerican.2)Isityours?3)Theweatherhasturnedcold・4)Thespeechisexciting.5)Threetimessevenistwentyone?6)HisjobistoteachEnglish・7)Hishobby(爱好)isplayingfootball.8)Thema

8、chinemustbeunderrepairs.9)Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.4.宾语：宾语由名词性的词充当，一般位于及物动词和介词后血。宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语，分别构成动宾结构和介宾结构，划出下列句屮的宾语，并说明由什么充当。1)Theyp