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1、第三讲从句作者:颜晩照一、句了成分主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语。二、名词性从句(主语、宾语、表语、同位语)一个句子在连词的引导卜-在另一个句子中充当名词使用。从句一律保持陈述句语序。1.主语从句从句在句屮充当主语成分从属连词:that,whether,讦连接彳弋词:who,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词:when,where,why,how,whenever,however,wherever(1)从属连词引导(在从句中不充当成分)Thathewillcometo
2、theconferencehasexcitedeveryone・Itisreportedthatthecoralreefsarebeingdestroyed.Whethertheworkcanbecompletedontimeisdoubtful.Itisdoubtfulwhether/iftheworkcanbecompletedontime.(2)连接代词引导(在从句中充当名词)Whatweshoulddonextremainsunknown,(what在从句屮作宾语)Whowillbeinchargeoftheprojecthasn'tbe
3、endecidedyet.(who在从句中作主语)(3)连接副词引导(在从句中作状语)Whenthenewroadisopentothetrafficisreported.(when在从句中作状语)Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.(how在从句中作状语)注意:①if不能引导主语从句②主语从句中的that-般不能省略2.宾语从句从句在句屮充当宾语成分(可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)。从属连词:that,whether,if连接彳弋词:who,whom,whose,wh
4、ich,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever连接昌9词:when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however(1)从属连词引导Hetoldusthattheywouldhelpusthroughthewholework.IfeelitapitythatIhaven'tbeentotheparty.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub・(2)连接代词引导Doyouknowwhowonthe
5、firstprize?(who在从彳U中作主语)Katewasinterestedinwhatshehadseenattheexhibition,(what在从句中作宾语)(3)连接副词引导Hedidn'ttellmewherethemeetingwouldbeheld.(where在从句中作状语)PleasefindoutwhentheshipsailsforNewYork,(when在从句屮作状语)Hehasn'tmadeitclearwhenheisgoingtogetmarried.注意:①若宾语从句由wh■引导,其后有tobe短语作宾语
6、补足语时,则不可用it代替。Weallconsiderwhatyousaidtobeunbelievable.(对)Weallconsiderittobeunbelievablewhatyousaid.(错)②sure,certain,glad,pleased,happy,afraid,surprised,satisfied,sorry等表示'IW感的形容词后的从句常被视为宾语从旬Fmnotsurewhetherhewillagreewithus.Fmsatisfiedthattheyaretellingthetruth.Hewasgladtha
7、tshe'dcome.FmextremelysorrythatIhavetroubledyousomuch.③能用whether不能用if的情况:介词后的宾语从句decide,discuss,put,leave等动词后的宾语从句与ornot连用置于句首的宾语从句容易产生歧义时(Letmeknowwhetheryoucancome.)④不能省略that的情况learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,mean等动词后的宾语从句较长的宾语从句状语至于宾语从旬之前时(Irealizedatoncethat...)宾语从句中的状
8、语置于该从句句首时(Hetoldusthat,if.)主句谓语动词打宾语从句Z间有插入语吋(Hefound,however,that..