英语：短文改错指导

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1、短文改错指导对大家英语作业中的错误及历年高考“短文改错”题的分析发现，英语错误大致可归纳为以下七大类：冠词错用、相似词语的混淆、词类错误、搭配错误、语意逻辑错误、句子结构错误及实词形态错误。一、冠词错误一是不定冠词和定冠词的选用错误；二是不定冠词a极其变体an的误用；三是某些习语中冠词的误用。Eg:1.Afewmonthsago,Michelle,an18-year-oldhighschoolstudent,met“Superman102”inaonlinechatroom.an2.Michellerea

2、llyenjoyedchattingwithhim.Theygottoknoweachotherevenbetteraftertheysharede-mailaddresses.Slowly,Michellebegantolikehimasmorethanthefriend.a3.Hesaidinhisblogthathewasinthecollege.二、相似词语的混淆主要表现为词形、读音、词义相近的词的混淆。如：affect/effect/invent/discover/ago/before/late

3、/later/lately/receive/accept/too/either/every/each/all/both/forget/leave/ever/even等。Eg:1.HesaidIwouldhavetoeatsomemedicinefortwomonthsandgetplentyofrest..take2.Fourdayslate,DrMartinLutherKingorganizedabusboycott.(抵制）later3.Hegaveagoodimitationofthespeecha

4、ndansweredalittlequestions.few4.NotuntilthetaxigottomyschooldidIrealizeIhadforgotmywalletathome.left5.Yearsago,shehadchosenherfamilyoverherdreams.before6.Tomysurprise,theprincipalofferedmethejobimmediately.IreceiveditbecauseIneededajob.accepted三、词类错误：这类错误

5、的根本原因是考生只知道英语单词的汉语释义，而没有记住单词的词性，如succeed/success;另一种常见的词性错误是形容词和相应的副词的误用，如：successful/successfully.1.eg:Inonee-mail,Superman102toldherhisreallyname：DerrickHarris.real2.Thinkingquickly,hesaid,“ThatquestionissoeasilythatI’mgoingtoletmydriver,whoissittingint

6、heback,explainit!”easy3.ThejourneytotheNorthPolewasbothdifficultanddanger.dangerous四、搭配错误：搭配类型主要有：名词、动词、形容词+介词;介词+名词；形容词+名词；副词+形容词。错误的第一种情况是单词搭配错误，另一种情况是缺少介词或使用了多余的介词。longfor/fullof/inpain/withjoy/infavorofEg:1.It’sverykindforyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.of2.

7、MichellesearchedDerrick’snameonlineandfoundhisblog.for3.Butnow,underherfamily’senthusiasticsupport,shehasreturnedtoherdreamofbecomingaworld-classdancer.with五、语意逻辑错误：这类错误主要是上下文中的指代错误，如用it/that指代复数名词，用he指代女性，用either指代三者中的一个等。Eg:1.Oncehenearlydiedwhentheiceb

8、elowthembegantomelt.him2.Apalmtreeisplantedeveryfivemetresoneverysideofthestreet.either/each3MichellesearchedforDerrick’snameonlineandfoundhisblog.Whatshereadreallybotheredhim.her六、句子结构错误：1.连词错误：第一种情况是并列句之间只用逗号，缺少连词