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ID:41653760
大小:60.30 KB
页数:4页
时间:2019-08-29
《城市综合体浅谈城市综合体》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、四川大学本科毕业论文浅谈城市综合体26原文:DesignCriteriaforTallBuildingTheconstructionoftallbuildingsistheresultofurbanizationasseeninAmericasincethelatenineteenthcenturywhenthefistskyscraperswerebuilt.Theindustrializedsocietyattractsmorepeopletothecities,requiringmorespaceforofficesaswe
2、llasforhabitation.Tallbuildings,however,requiretwobasictechnicalingredients.First,economicmethodofbuildingatallbuildingmustbefoundandsecond,areliableandeconomicmethodoftransportingpeopleverticallythroughthebuildingmustbeavailable.EventhoughtheOtiselevatorinthelate19th
3、centuryprovidedthelogicalanswertoverticaltransportation,thestructurestillremainedaverysignificantdeterrenttobuildingverytallbuildings・ThepioneeringChicagoSchoolofArchitecturerefinedtheuseofbeam-columnframes,butstillrequiredhigh"'premiumforheight"forbuildingstallerthan
4、say20stories・Asaresult,buildingsbuiltupto1920sweremostlybelowstories・Aheroicstepwastakenin1930whentheEmpireStateBuildingwasbuiltwithmoreorlessconventionalmethodofconstruction.Thiswasnoexampleofanyeconomicbreakthrough・FromthetimeofDepressioninthe30zshardlyanyhighriseco
5、nstructionwasundertaken.AfterWorldWarIIthesocioeconomicneedsintheU.S.openedthewayformoretallerofficeandapartmentbuildings.But,thesebuildingscouldnoIongerbedesignedinthesamemannerandproportionastheearlierbuildings,simplybecausetheconceptofunclutteredcolumn・freespace,th
6、econceptofclimatecontrolandcommunicationinthebuildingshavedrasticallychanged・Allthesechangesinattitudesbroughttheeraofanewarchitecture.Thenewdemandandchallengewastocreatetotalurbanenvironments.Withinthelastfewyears,researchonbuildingmaterialssuchasreinforcedconCretean
7、dstructuralsteelhavemadegreatstridesandopenedhorizonsformoreefficientuseofthesematerials・ThestructuralengineersandarchitectsalsohavemetthechallengetofindefficientandeconomicalnewstructuralsystemsforvariousrangesandheightsofbuildingsgoingallthewaytowelloverlOOstories・C
8、onsequently,theprocessofselectingastructuralsystemforatallbuildinghasbecomemorecomplicatedthaniteverwas.Structuralsystemappr
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