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1、6.55Today’sWastes,Tomorrow’sMaterialsforEnvironmentalProtectionLEMacaskie,IPMikheenko,PYong,KDeplanche,AJMurray,andMPaterson-Beedle,UniversityofBirmingham,Birmingham,UKVSCoker,CIPearce,RCutting,RADPattrick,andDVaughan,TheUniversityofManchester,Manchester,UKG
2、vanderLaan,DiamondLightSource,Didcot,UKJRLloyd,TheUniversityofManchester,Manchester,UK©2011ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.Thisarticleisreproducedfromthepreviousedition,volume104,pp483–487,©2010,ElsevierB.V.6.55.1Introduction7196.55.2CaseHistoriesIllustratingB
3、ioconversionofWastesintoNewMaterials7206.55.2.1CaseHistory1:BioremediationofUraniumMine–WaterandNanofilterFabricationforNuclearWasteRemediation7206.55.2.2CaseHistory2:BioconversionofPalladium-andPlatinum-ContainingIndustrialandAutomotiveCatalystWastesintoCat
4、alystsfor(1)TreatmentofEnvironmentalContaminantsand(2)CleanElectricityGeneration7216.55.2.3CaseHistory3:BioconversionofAu-ContainingJewelleryWasteintoNano-AuCatalystforGlycerolOxidation7226.55.2.4CaseHistory4:BioconversionofSeleniumOxyanionsintoOpticallyActi
5、veChalcogenideMaterials7236.55.2.5CaseHistory5:BioconversionofFe(III)-OxideWasteintoaNanoscaleMagneticMaterial723Acknowledgments724References724RelevantWebsites725Glossarycombustionenginebyusingacatalyst,usuallyfinelybiofilmAcomplexmulticellularaggregationof
6、bacteriadispersedpreciousmetalssuchasplatinumandgrowingonasolidsubstratumandproducingadhesivepalladiumtostimulatereactionsthatconverttoxicglue-likeextracellularbiopolymers(extracellularbyproductsofcombustiontoCO2,N2,andH2O.polymericsubstances)thatallowthemto
7、adhereontheleachateAsolutionproducedintheprocessofleachingsurfaceandformconnectionswitheachother.(oftenwithconcentratedinorganicacids)withtheaimtobiomineralizationAprocessbywhichlivingorganismsextractthevaluableelements,forexample,preciousproducemineralsbytu
8、rningthesolublespeciesofmetals,fromwastes.elementsintosolidmaterialsdepositedon,around,ornanomaterialsMaterialswithmorphologicalfeaturesonwithintheirbodies.thenanoscale(usually1–100nm)size,which
