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1、Chapter4ManaginginaGlobalEnvironmentManaginginaGlobalEnvironment在全球环境下管理Challenges挑战Copingwiththesuddenappearaneeofnewcompetitors应对新竞争对手白勺突然岀现Acknowledgingcultural,political,andeconomicdifferences承认文化、政治和经济差异Dealingwithincreaseduncertainty,fear,andanxiety处理不断增加的不确定性,恐惧和焦虑Adaptingtochangesinthegl
2、obalenvironment适应全球环境的变化Avoidingparochialism(狭隘主义的)避免狭隘主义AdoptingaGlobalPerspective采用全球视角EthnocentricAttitude(民族中心主义)Theparochialisticbeliefthatthebestworkapproachesandpracticesarethoseofthehomecountry.认为最好的工作方式和实践来自本国。PolycentricAttitude(多国中心论)Theviewthatthemanagersinthehost(东道)T)countryknowthe
3、bestworkapproachesandpracticesforrunningtheirbusiness・认为东道国本国的管理者知道如何以最好的工作方式和实践来运行他们的业务。GeocentricAttitude(全球中心论)Aworld-orientedviewthatfocusesonusingthebestapproachesandpeoplefromaroundtheglobe.一种以世界为导向的观点,专注于使用来自世界各地的最好的方法和人才。RegionalTradingAgreements区域贸易协定TheEuropeanUnion(EU)欧洲联盟(欧盟)Aunified
4、economicandtradeentity一个统一的经济和贸易实体Belgium,Denmark,France,Greece,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,theNetherlands,Portugal,Spain,theUnitedKingdom,Germany,Austria,Finland,andSweden比禾日寸,丹麦,法国,希腊,爱尔兰,意大利,卢森堡,荷兰,葡萄牙,西班牙,英国,德国,奥地利,芬兰,瑞典Economicandmonetaryunion(Euro)经济和货币联盟(欧元)NorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreement(NA
5、FTA)北美自由贸易协定(NAFTA)Eliminatedbarrierstofreetrade(tariffs,importlicerisingrequirements,andcustomsuserfees)消除障碍,自由贸易(关税,进口许可证的规定,和海关的费用)UnitedStates,Canada,andMexico美国、加拿大和墨西哥AssociationofSoutheastAsianNations(ASEAN)东南亚国家联盟(东盟)Tradingallianceof10SoutheastAsiannations东南亚10国贸易联盟AfricanUnion非洲联盟TheWo
6、rldTradeOrganization(WTO)世界贸易组织EvolvedfromtheGeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade(GATT)in1995.从1995的关税与贸易总协定(GATT)进化而来。Functionsastheonlyglobalorganizationdealingwiththerulesoftradeamongnations.唯一的处理国家间贸易规则的全球组织。Monitorsandpromotesworldtrade.监督和促进世界贸易。跨国公PDifferentTypesofGlobalOrganizations不同类型的全球组
7、织MultinationalCorporation(MNC)Afirmwhichmaintainsoperationsinmultiplecountriesbutmanagestheoperationsfromabaseinthehomecountry.一家公司在多个国家维持运营,但在本国的部分进行经营管理。TransnationalCorporation仃NC)多国化公司Afirmthatmaintainsoperationsinsevera