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大小:78.00 KB
页数:5页
时间:2019-08-25
《热化学方程式和电极方程式》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、△H=-393.5kJ/molAH=-110.5kJ/molAH=-283.OkJ/molAH=-241.8kJ/molAH=-285.8kJ/molAH=-483.6kJ/molAH=-571.6kJ/mol热化学方程式和电极方程式一、热化学方程式C(s)+l/202(g)==C0(g);C(s)+02(g)==C02(g);C0(g)+l/202(g)==C02(g);H2(g)+l/202(g)==H20(g);H2(g)+l/202(g)==H20(l);2H2(g)+02(g)==2H20(g);2H2(g)+02(g)==2H20(l);CH4(g)+202(g)=C02(g)+2
2、比0(1);AH=-890.3kJ/molCsHis⑴+12.502(g)==8C02(g)+9出0⑴;AH二一5518kJ/molCH2O6(s)+6O2(g)==6C02(g)+6H2O(1);AH=-2800kJ/molN2H4(g)+O2(g)==N2(g)+2也0(g);AH=-534kJ/molS(s)+O2(g)==S02(g);AH=-297kJ/molFeS2(s)+11/402(g)==l/2Fe203(s)+2S02(g);AH=-853kJ/molC(石墨)=C(金刚石);NaOH(aq)+HC1(aq)=NaCl(aq)+H20(1);SO2(s)+l/2O2(g)=
3、=SO3(g);S03(g)+H20(l)==H2S04⑴;H2(g)+Cl2(g)==2HCl(g);C(s)+H2O(g)=H2(g)+CO2(g);3H2(g)+N2(g)==2NH3(g);202(g)+N2(g)==2N02(g);02(g)+N2(g)==2N0(g);AH=02(g)+2N0(g)=2N02(g);AH=2N02(g)==N204(g);AH=Cu(s)+I/2O2(g)==CuO(s);CaC03(s)+==CaO(s)+C02(g);C(石墨)+O2(g)—CO2(g);C(金刚石)+02(g)=C02(g);AH=-98.3kJ/molAH=-130.8kJ
4、/molAH=-184.6kJ/molAH=+131.5kJ/molAH=-92.2kJ/molAH=+68kJ/mol—kj/mol—kj/mol—kj/molAH=-157kJ/molAH=+1777kJ/mol△H=-393・51kJ-mor1AH=-395.41kJ*mof1AH=+1.9kJ•mol-1AH=-57.3kJ/molKOH(aq)+HNO3(aq)=NaN03(aq)+H20(1);AH=-57.3kJ/molNaOH(aq)+l/2H2S04(aq)=l/2Na2S04(aq)+H2O(1);AH=-57.3kJ/mol二、原电池反应X—Y(电解质溶液)或X//电解质
5、溶液//Y1、不可逆电池⑴、苏打电池:Zn—Cu(H2SO4)Zn极㈠Zn-2e'==Zn2+(氧化反应)Z11+H2SO4二Z11SO4+H2tCu极(+)2H++2e==H21(还原反应)离子方程式Zn+2H==H2t+Zn2+化学方程式⑵、铁碳电池:Fe—C(H2CO3)离子方程式Fe+2H==H21+Fe2+(析氢腐蚀)Fe极㈠Fe-2e==Fe2+(氧化反应)C极(+)2H++2e==H2t(还原反应)⑶、铁碳电池:Fe—COW、O2)Fe极(-)2Fe-4e==2Fe2+(氧化反应)C极(+)02+2H20+4e~==4OH_(还原反应)化学方程式2Fe+02+2H20==2Fe(
6、0H)2(吸氧腐蚀)4Fe(OH)2+02+2H20==4Fe(OH)32Fe(0H)3==Fe203・nH20+(3-n)H20(铁锈的生成过程)⑷、铝鎳电池:Al—Ni(NaCl溶液、02)A1极㈠4A1-12e-==4Al3+(氧化反应)Ni极(+)3O2+6H2O+12e==12OFT(还原反应)化学方程式4A1+3O2+6H2O==4A1(OH)3(海洋灯标电池)干电池:Zn—MnO2(NH4C1糊状物)NH4C1+H2O==NH3・H2O+HCIZn极㈠Zn-2e'==Zn2+(氧化反应)Cu极(+)2Mn02+2H++2e~==Mn203+H20(还原反应)化学方程式2、可逆电池
7、Zn+2NH4Cl+2MnO2=ZnC12+Mn2O3+2NH31⑴、铅蓄电池:Pb—Pb02(浓硫酸)放电Pb极(-)Pb+H2SO4-2e_=PbSO4+2H+Pb02极(+)PbO2+H2SO4+2H++2e'==PbSO4+2H2O(氧化反应)(还原反应)化学方程式Pb+Pb02+2H2S04==2PbS04+2H20Pb—Pb02(浓硫酸)充电Pb极(-)PbSO4+2H+-2e==Pb
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