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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译出处：SouthernAgriculturalEconomicsAssociation2009(1):1-20作者：ChaliNondo，MulugetaS.Kahsai，PeterV.Schaeffer原文EnergyConsumptionandEconomicGrowth:EvidencefromCOMESACountriesAbstractThisstudyappliespaneldatatechniquestoinvestigatethelong-runrelatio
2、nshipbetweenenergyconsumptionandGDPforapanelof19Africancountries(COMESA)basedonannualdatafortheperiod1980-2005.Inthefirststep,weexaminethedegreeofintegrationbetweenGDPandenergyconsumptionandfindthatthevariablesareintegratedoforderone.Inthesecondstep,
3、weinvestigatethelong-runrelationshipbetweenenergyconsumptionandGDP;ourresultsprovidestrongevidencethatGDPandenergyconsumptionmovetogetherinthelong-run.Inthethirdstep,weestimatethelong-runrelationshipandtestforcausalityusingpanel-basederrorcorrectionm
4、odelsandfindalong-runbidirectionalrelationshipbetweenGDPandenergyconsumption.Further,ouranalysesrevealthatcausationrunsfromenergyconsumptiontoGDPforlowincomeCOMESAcountries.1.IntroductionDespitebeingendowedwithanarrayofnaturalenergyresources,suchasco
5、al,water,oil,naturalgas,anduranium,Sub-SaharanAfrica(SSA)hasthelowestpercapitaenergyconsumptionlevelsintheworld(UnitedNationsEconomicCommissionofAfrica,2004).Morethan80percentoftheSSApopulationreliesontraditionalenergysources,suchasbiomass,agricultur
6、alresidues,andotherprimitiveenergysources,whichexacerbateenvironmentaldegradationandairpollutionrelatedhealthimpacts(Legrosetal.2009).TheinadequateprovisionofmodernenergyservicesinSSAhasbeencitedbytheUnitedNationsEconomicCommissionforAfrica(UNECA,200
7、4)asalimitingfactorineconomicgrowthandpovertyalleviationefforts.FollowingtheindependenceofmostAfricancountriesbytheearly1970’s,Africanleadersembracedregionalintegrationasacentralelementoftheirdevelopmentstrategies(WorldEnergyCouncil,2005).Theperiodma
8、rkedthebeginningoftheformationofregionaleconomiccommunities(RECs)inAfrica.Theregionaleconomiccommunitieswereprimarilyaimedatpromotingunity,enhancingsustainabledevelopment,increasingcompetitiveness,andintegratingAfricancountriesintotheglobaleconomythr
