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1、本科毕业论文外文翻译外文题目：TechnologyRoadmapConcentratingSolarPower出处：InternationalEnergyAgency作者：InternationalEnergyAgency一、外文原文Policyframework:roadmapactionsandmilestonesOvercomingeconomicbarriersCSPtodayisusuallynotcompetitiveinwholesalebulkelectricitymarkets,exceptperhapsinisolatedlocationssuchasislandsor
2、remotegrids,sointheshorttermitsdeploymentdependsonincentives.Anumberofregions,includingSpain,Algeria,someIndianstates,IsraelandSouthAfrica,haveputinplacefeed-intariffsorpremiumpayments.Spain,forexample,letstheproducerschoosebetweenatariffofEUR270(USD375)/MWh,orapremiumofEUR250(USD348)/MWhthataddst
3、othemarketprice,withaminimumguaranteedrevenueofEUR250/MWhandamaximumofEUR340(USD473)/MWh.Thisapproachhasproveneffective,asitoffersdevelopersandbankslong-termpricecertainty,andmakesCSPoneofthelessriskyinvestmentsinthepowersector.IntheUnitedStates,thefederalgovernmentrecentlycreatedtheRenewableEnerg
4、yGrantProgram,aswellasaFederalLoanGuaranteeProgramdesignedtofosterinnovation.BrightSourcebecamethefirstCSPprovidertobenefitfromthisprogramme,securingUSD1.4billionfromtheUSDepartmentofEnergyinFebruary2010forseveralprojects.Inthelongterm,however,financingofCSPplantsmaybecomedifficultifinvestorsintec
5、hnologycompaniesdonotsupplysomeequitycapital.Pricesforcapacityandenergyareonlyguaranteedbyutilitiesonacase-by-casebasisunderrenewableportfoliostandards(theregulationsthatrequireincreasedproductionofenergyfromrenewablesources)andthesestandardsarenotalwaysbinding.FinancinginnovationAspointedoutearli
6、erinthisroadmap,manydifferenttechnicalapproachestoCSPhavebeenproposed,eachshowingexpectedbenefitsandpotentialchallenges.Alltheseoptionshavetobetestedinpilotplantstorevealtheirbenefitsandconstraints,sostronggovernmentsupportforinnovativesmallpilotplantsisdirelyneeded.Small5MWpilotplantsareessential
7、asasteptowardsdevelopingcommercialplants.Onceaprototypehasbeentestedthroughsmall-scaledemonstration,itisconceivabletobuildafull-scale,first-of-its-kindcommercialplant.Thisisariskystepforprivateinvestors.Managingf
