《词的理解与翻译》PPT课件

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1、TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslationTechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslation词义的选择、引申和褒贬(英汉词语词义对应情况)一、词义的选择SinceofpolysemicsbothinChineseandEnglish,wecanchooseanddefinethemeaningofwordsfromthefollowingtwoaspects:TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslation(A)根据词在句中的词

2、类来选择和确定词义Firstjudgetheword-classofthewordinEnglish,thenmakesureitsmeaning.E.g.Likechargesrepel;unlikechargesattract.like:adj,“相同的”相同的电荷相斥,不同的电荷相吸。TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslationHelikesChinesemorethanEnglish.他喜欢汉语胜过喜欢英语。(动词)Inthesunbeampassingthroughthewindowtherearefineg

3、rainsofdustshininglikegold.在射入窗内的阳光里,细细的尘埃象金子一般在闪闪发亮。(介词)Likeknowslike.英雄识英雄。(名词)TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslation再以round为例：Theearthroundsthesun.地球围绕着太阳转动。（动词：绕行）Theexcitingnewswassooncarriedround.激动人心的消息很快就到处传遍了。（副词：到处）Theroundwaveguideasthetransmissionmediumpresentsuswit

4、hanopportunitytodesignacommunicationsystemofenormouscapacity.以圆波导作传输介质使我们有可能设计出容量极大的通信系统。（形容词：圆形的）TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslationInthefirstroundourfootballteamhashadthreewinsandonedefeat.在第一轮中我们的足球队三胜一负。（名词：轮，回合）Whendirectcurrentflowsthroughacoil,amagneticfieldwillbebuil

5、tuproundthecoil.当直流电流通过线圈，线圈周围就形成一个磁场.(前置词:在周围)Poor:Inmypooropinion,youshouldlethergo.以鄙人浅见，你应该放她走。Shetookmeinhercabinandtoldmethatshewasapoorsailorandalwayswenttobedimmediatelyongettingontheboat.她把我带到她房间里并告诉我说，她有晕船的毛病，所以总是一上船就睡觉。TheDepartmentofJusticewasreluctanttobringpoorcasesintocou

6、rt.司法部不愿意把没有把握大赢的官司那到法庭上去。Carterisapoorloser.卡特是一个输了会发脾气的人。TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslation(B)根据上下文联系以及词在句中的搭配关系来选择和确定词义Thesamewordmayhavedifferentmeaningindifferentlanguagesituation,sowecanjudgeitsmeaningaccordingtocontextandtheruleofcollocationinEnglish.E.g.power，n.在日常用

7、语中就分别具有“能力、权力、政权、国家”等词义；在科技文献中就常有“功率、电源、电力“等词义，翻译时就必须分别情况加以处理。TechniquesandSkillsinEnglish-ChineseTranslationIwilldoeverythingwithinmypowertoassistyou.我愿意尽我的全力来帮助你。（能力）Basically,allpoweriswiththepeople.归根到底一切权力属于人民。（权力）Politicalpowergrowsoutofthebarrelofgun.枪杆子里面出政权。（政权）Chinaha