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1、JohnDonneMetaphysicalSonnetsSocialBackgroundThe17thcenturywasoneofthemosttempestuousperiodsinEnglishhistory.ConflictsandclashesappearedbetweentheKingandtheParliament,whichrepresentedthebourgeoisclass.In1642,acivilwar(Englishrevolution)brokeoutbetweenChar
2、lesIandtheparliament.Atlast,theroyalistsweredefeatedbytheparliamentarmyledbyOliverCromwell.In1649CharlesIwasbeheaded,andEnglandwasdeclaredtobeacommonwealth.Literatureofthe17thcenturyBible:theKingJamesBible,1611byJamesⅠProse:FrancisBaconPoet:JohnDonneJohn
3、MiltonCavalierPoetsBorn:Between24Januaryand19 June1572London,EnglandDied:31March1631(aged59)London,EnglandAportraitofJohnDonneasayoungman,c.1595Donne’sLifeJohnDonnewasanEnglishpoet,satirist,lawyerandaclericintheChurchofEngland.Heisconsideredthepre-eminen
4、trepresentativeofthemetaphysicalpoets.Despitehisgreateducationandpoetictalents,Donnelivedinpovertyforseveralyears,relyingheavilyonwealthyfriends.In1601,DonnesecretlymarriedAnneMoore,withwhomhehadtwelvechildren.In1621,hewasappointedtheDeanofStPaul'sCathed
5、ralinLondon.Healsoservedasamemberofparliamentin1601andin1614.In1615,hebecameanAnglicanpriest,althoughhedidnotwanttotakeAnglicanorders.PartofthehousewhereJohnDonnelivedinPyrfordAfewmonthsbeforehisdeath,JohnDonnecommissionedthisportraitofhimselfasheexpecte
6、dtoappearwhenherosefromthegraveattheApocalypse.Hehungtheportraitonhiswallasareminderofthetransienceoflife.Poetryof17thcenturyThepoetryofthefirsthalfofthe17thC(through1660)hasbeenclassifiedasMetaphysical(JohnDonne,GeorgeHerbert,HenryVaughan,ThomasTraherme
7、,AbrahamCowley,RichardCrashaw,andAndrewMarvell)andCavalier(RobertHerrick,RichardLovelace,SirJohnSuckling,andThomasCarew).Metaphysical（玄学派）Poetry1.Thetermappliestoagroupof17th-centuryEnglishpoetswhousedcertaincommontechniquesandemployedafewcommonthemes.Re
8、voltagainstElizabethanlovepoetryandthetraditionPsychologicalanalysisofemotionsofloveandreligionPenchantfornovelandevenshockingcomparisonsThemainthemesofthemetaphysicalpoetryarelove,death,&religion.Accordingtothem,allthings
