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1、IranicaAntiqua,vol.XLII,2007doi:10.2143/IA.42.0.2017880THERISEOFTHESASSANIANELEPHANTCORPS:ELEPHANTSANDTHELATERROMANEMPIREBYMichaelB.CHARLES(QueenslandUniversityofTechnology)Abstract:TheSassanianPersiansusedelephantsonvariousoccasionsagainstthearmiesoftheLaterRomanEmp
2、ire.ThisarticleconsiderswhenelephantswerefirstincorporatedintotheSassanianarmy,whytheywerethoughtnecessary,theirdeploymentandequipmentduringtheperiodinquestion,andthedegreetowhichtheSassanianwayofelephantwarfaredifferedfromthatofneighbouringpeoples.Inaddition,thepape
3、rproposesacloseassociationbetweentheuseofelephantsandPersiannotionsofkingship.MuchemphasisisplacedonthemartialactivitiesofShapurIIandthetestimonyoftheGreeksoldier-historianAmmianusMarcellinus.Keywords:Sassanians,Persia,elephants,RomanEmpire,kingshipNotagreatdealhasbe
4、enwrittenaboutRomanencounterswithelephantsintheLaterRomanEmpire1.Perhapsthishassomethingtodowiththefactthatelephants,formoststudentsoftheancientworld,ceasebeingani-malsofanyrealmilitaryimportanceaftertheendoftheRomanRepublic2.1Abbreviationsfollowthe“Listedespériodiqu
5、es”inL’Annéephilologique.OtherabbreviationsareasperS.Hornblower&A.Spawforth(eds.),1996.TheOxfordClassi-calDictionary,3rdedn.,Oxford&NewYork,exceptChron.A.354=ChronographusAnniCCCLIIII;Mbh.=Mahabharata;RV=¤gveda.Referencesto“Dindorf,Chron.Pasch.”and“Dindorf,HGM”respec
6、tivelyrefertoL.Dindorf(ed.),1988.ChroniconPaschale,2vols.,UniversityMicrofilmsInternational,AnnArbor,facsimileof1832edn.;andL.Dindorf(ed.),1970.HistoriciGraeciMinores,2vols.,BibliothecaTeubneriana,Leipzig.Exceptwherenotedotherwise,translationsarefromtherelevantLoebCl
7、assicalLibraryvolume,withtheexceptionofVegetius(Milner1996)andZosimus(Ridley1982).IwouldliketothankProf.AnthonyR.Birley,DrBrianW.JonesandDrTomStevensonforreadingearlierdraftsofthispaper,andespeciallyDrPhilipRanceforinsightfulcriticismsonamoreadvancedversion.Thanksmus
8、talsobeexpressedtoProf.Dr.ErnieHaerinckofIranicaAntiquaforleadingmetosomeinformationalsourcesthatIwouldhaveotherwiseoverlooked.2Cla
