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1、DRAFTNottobequotedorreferredto.TheHistoryofIdeasasPhilosophyandHistoryWhentheIsaiahBerlinProfessorshipintheHistoryofIdeaswasbeingestablishedatOxfordoneofthequestionstocomeupfordiscussionwaswhatshouldbethenameofthepost.BernardWilliams(ofwhommorelater)apparentlyprotested:“Youcan’tgivei
2、tthatname!Noonewantstobecalledahistorianofideas.”Williams’viewdidnotprevail1buthehadapoint.Thereisnodoubtthatthehistoryofideasisdisparagedontwosidesnowadays–notphilosophicalenoughforthephilosophers,nothistoricalenoughforthehistorians.Speakingpersonally,Ifeelhonouredtocarryalabelthatg
3、oesbackthroughBerlinhimselftoLovejoyandCarlBecker,buteventhoseofuswhodonotrejectthe2namemustadmitthatthehistoryofideasis,atleast,methodologicallypuzzling.Justwhatare“ideas”anyway?Anyonewithalittlephilosophicalorhistoricalawarenessknowsthattheuseof“idea”asagenericwayofreferringtotheco
4、ntentsofthemindisactuallysomethingquitehistoricallyspecific.The“seventeenth-centuryideaidea”,asQuinecalledit,waspartofaconstructiveintellectualprojectthatdevelopedinEnglandasaphilosophicalparalleltothenewphysics,aprojectwhosepresuppositions–analyticalatomism,mentalself-transparency–s
5、eemnowadays(tosaytheleast)deeply1ThisessayisbasedonthefirstofmylecturesasIsaiahBerlinProfessoroftheHistoryofIdeas,deliveredatOxfordinJanuaryandFebruary2010.2Manyyearsago,whentheprospectsforacademicemploymentwereevenworsethantheyarenow(hardtobelieve,Iknow)IwasinterviewedonbehalfofanAm
6、ericanuniversitybyawell-knownBritishphilosopher.AlthoughIdidn’tgetthejobIdidhearsomethingofwhathehadtosayaboutme.ThoughIhad,hethought,anumberofpositivequalities,Iwas,intheend,heregrettedtosay,notreallyaphilosopherbutahistorianofideas.ThisessayisbasedonthefirstofmylecturesasIsaiahBerl
7、inProfessoroftheHistoryofIdeas,deliveredatOxfordinJanuaryandFebruary2010.1problematic.CrossingtheChanneltoGermany,homeof“dashistorischeBewusstsein”,thingsarealittledifferent.InGermany,thewordIdeeretainsitsPlatonicresonance.Thus,whenitcametotranslatingLockeintoGerman,thewordchosenfor“
8、idea”was“Vor
