耶鲁大学公开课-博弈论--英文文本合集

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1、GameTheory:Lecture1TranscriptSeptember5,2007<

2、eisalegalreleaseform--we'lltalkaboutitinaminute--aboutthevideoing.Thereisasyllabus,whichisapreliminarysyllabus:it'salsoonline.AndtherearetwogameslabeledGame1andGame2.CanIgetyoualltolookatGame1andstartthinkingaboutit.Andwhileyou'rethinkingaboutit,Iamhopingyoucanmultitaskabit

3、.I'lldescribeabitabouttheclassandwe'llgetabitofadminunderourbelts.Butpleasetryandlookat--somebody'snotlookingatit,becausethey'reusingitasafanhere--solookatGame1andfilloutthatformforme,okay?Sowhileyou'refillingthatout,letmetellyoualittlebitaboutwhatwe'regoingtobedoinghere.So

4、whatisGameTheory?GameTheoryisamethodofstudyingstrategicsituations.Sowhat'sastrategicsituation?Welllet'sstartoffwithwhat'snotastrategicsituation.InyourEconomics-inyourIntroEconomicsclassin115or110,yousawsomeprettygoodexamplesofsituationsthatwerenotstrategic.Yousawfirmsworkin

5、ginperfectcompetition.Firmsinperfectcompetitionarepricetakers:theydon'tparticularlyhavetoworryabouttheactionsoftheircompetitors.Youalsosawfirmsthatweremonopolistsandmonopolistsdon'thaveanycompetitorstoworryabout,sothat'snotaparticularlystrategicsituation.They'renotpricetake

6、rsbuttheytakethedemandcurve.Isthislookingfamiliarforsomeofyouwhocanrememberdoing115lastyearormaybetwoyearsagoforsomeofyou?Everythinginbetweenisstrategic.Soeverythingthatconstitutesimperfectcompetitionisastrategicsetting.Thinkaboutthemotorindustry,themotorcarindustry.Fordhas

7、toworryaboutwhatGMisdoingandwhatToyotaisdoing,andforthemomentatleastwhatChryslerisdoingbutperhapsnotforlong.Sothere'sasmallnumberoffirmsandtheiractionsaffecteachother.Soforaliteraldefinitionofwhatstrategicmeans:it'sasettingwheretheoutcomesthataffectyoudependonactions,notjus

8、tonyourownactions,butonactionsofothers.Allright,that'sasmuchasI'mgoingtosayforprev