The Plausibility of Life Resolving Darwin's Dilemma

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1、ThePlausibilityofLifeThePlausibilityofLifeResolvingDarwin’sDilemmaMarcW.KirschnerandJohnC.GerhartIllustratedbyJohnNortonYaleUniversityPressNewHavenandLondonCopyright
2005byMarcW.KirschnerandJohnC.Gerhart.Illustrationscopyright
JohnNorton.Allrightsreserved.Thisbookma

2、ynotbereproduced,inwholeorinpart,includingillustrations,inanyform(beyondthatcopyingpermittedbySections107and108oftheU.S.CopyrightLawandexceptbyreviewersforthepublicpress),withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublishers.DesignedbySoniaShannonSetinBulmertypebyBinghamtonVall

3、eyCompositionPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericabyVail-BallouPressLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataKirschner,Marc.Theplausibilityoflife:ResolvingDarwin’sDilemma/MarcW.KirschnerandJohnC.Gerhart.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferences(p.).ISBN0-300-10865-6(c

4、loth:alk.paper)1.Evolution(Biology)2.Life—Origin.I.Gerhart,John,1936–II.Title.QH366.2.K572005576.8—dc222005040113AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.ThepaperinthisbookmeetstheguidelinesforpermanenceanddurabilityoftheCommitteeonProductionGuide

5、linesforBookLongevityoftheCouncilonLibraryResources.10987654321ToPhyllisandMarianneContentsPrefaceixintroductionAClockontheHeath1oneTheSourcesofVariation10twoConservedCells,DivergentOrganisms38threePhysiologicalAdaptabilityandEvolution71fourWeakRegulatoryLinkage109f

6、iveExploratoryBehavior143sixInvisibleAnatomy177sevenFacilitatedVariation219eightIsLifePlausible?244Glossary275Notes293Index303PrefaceThisbookisabouttheoriginsofnoveltyinevolution.Thebrain,theeye,andthehandareallanatomicalformsthatexquisitelyservefunc-tion.Theyseemto

7、revealdesign.Howcouldtheyhavearisen?Thevastdiversityoforganisms,frombacteriatofungitoplantsandanimals,allareofdifferentdesign.Howdidtheyoriginate?Nothingintheinanimateworldresemblesthem.Allarenovel.Andyetnoveltyimpliesthecreationofsomethingfromnothing—ithasalwaysdefie

8、dexpla-nation.WhenCharlesDarwinproposedhistheoryofevolutionbyvariationandselection,explainingselectionwashisgreatachievement.Hecouldnotexp