Catalysis in C1 chemistry; Future and prospect

Catalysis in C1 chemistry; Future and prospect

ID:40880759

大小:1.47 MB

页数:25页

时间:2019-08-09

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1、CatalysisLetters22(I993)67-9167CatalysisinC1chemistry:futureandprospectJ.L.G.FierroInstitutodeCatdlisisyPetroleoqufmica,CSIC,CampusUAM,Cantoblanco,28049Madrid,SpainThisworksummarizesthemostrelevantfacetsofthecurrentknowledgeoftheprincipalcatalyticprocessesinvolvedinonecarbo

2、n-atomconversions.Withoutdoubt,naturalgas(ormethane)chemicalconversionintohighmolecularweighthydrocarbonsviaoxidativecoupling(OCM)orpartialoxidationintoC1oxygenates(POM)currentlyrepresentsagreatchemicalandtechnologicalchallengeforpetrochemistry.Althoughthecatalystsystemsand

3、thebasicprinciplesofthetwotypesofprocessesarewellknown,agreatereffortisneededtowardsthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandstablecatalystsunderthesevereoperationconditionsimposedbythereactionitself,aswellastheneedforsuitablereactiondesigntominimizetheextentofthehomogeneousreaction

4、.Thealternativeprocessistoobtainsynthesisgas(CO/H2)inafirststepthroughsteamreformingfollowedbyasecondFischer-Tropschhydrogenationstep.However,theunfavorableenergeticbalanceofthereformingstepandtheabsenceofselec-tivecatalystsinthelattertoobtainanarrowmolecularweightdistribut

5、ioncurrentlyleadstocompromiseinsolutions.Amongthese,thehighmolecularweightalcoholsynthesisandtherecentlydevelopedShellmiddledistillatesynthesis(SMDS)appeartobeveryattractive.OfnolessimportancearethereactionswhichincorporateaCOmoleculeintoalcoholsorolefinsviacarbonylationsan

6、dhydroformylafions.Withinthisframework,theuseoforganometalliccom-plexesanchoredtofuncfionalizedpolymericmatricesinitiatedaveryintenseresearchactiv-ity,particularlyinthedevelopmentofstablecatalysts.Keywords:C1chemistry;methaneoxidativecoupling;methanepartialoxidation;COhydro

7、-genation;methanolconversion;higheralcoholsynthesis1.IntroductionTheorganicandinorganicmoleculescontainingaC-atom(CO,CO2,CH4,CH3OH,HCOH)havefoundwideapplicationinmodernchemicalindustryinrecentyears.Severalprocesses,suchasthesteamreformingofmethanetoproduceCO/H2mixturesandth

8、epyrolysisofmethanetoyieldacetylenehavebeenwellknownformanyyears.Otheralternatives

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