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1、NISTTechnicalNote1619ModelingHumanBehaviorduringBuildingFiresEricaD.KuligowskiNISTTechnicalNote1619ModelingHumanBehaviorduringBuildingFiresEricaD.KuligowskiFireResearchDivisionBuildingandFireResearchLaboratoryDecember2008U.S.DepartmentofCommerceCarlosM.Gutierrez,Secretary
2、NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnologyJamesM.Turner,DeputyDirectorCertaincommercialentities,equipment,ormaterialsmaybeidentifiedinthisdocumentinordertodescribeanexperimentalprocedureorconceptadequately.Suchidentificationisnotintendedtoimplyrecommendationorendorsementby
3、theNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology,norisitintendedtoimplythattheentities,materials,orequipmentarenecessarilythebestavailableforthepurpose.NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnologyTechnicalNote1619Natl.Inst.Stand.Technol.Tech.Note1619,21pages(December2008)CODEN:N
4、SPUE2AbstractEvacuationmodels,includingengineeringhandcalculationsandcomputationaltools,areusedtoevaluatethelevelofsafetyprovidedbybuildingsduringevacuation.Buildingdesignsandoccupantproceduresarebasedontheresultsproducedfromthesemodels,includingevacuationtimeresults(i.e.
5、,howlongbuildingoccupantswilltaketoevacuateabuilding).However,mostevacuationmodelsfocusprimarilyoncalculatingandpredictingevacuationmovement(i.e.,howlongwillittakeanoccupanttomovefromhis/herinitialpositiontosafety),almostignoringthepredictionofbehaviorsthatoccupantsperfor
6、mbeforeandduringevacuationmovementthatcandelaytheirsafety(e.g.,searchingforinformation,fightingthefire,andhelpingothers).Insteadofmodelingandpredictingbehaviorofsimulatedoccupants,evacuationmodelsandusersoftenmakeassumptionsandsimplificationsaboutoccupantbehavior(i.e.,wha
7、tpeopledoduringevacuations)thatcanbeunrealisticandarelikelytoproduceinaccurateresults.Asolutiontothisproblemistogeneratearobust,comprehensive,andvalidatedtheoryonhumanbehaviorduringevacuationfrombuildingfires.Thesocialscientificliteraturecanbegleanedtodevelopthesetheories
8、,whichcanthenbeincorporatedintothecurrentevacuationmodelstoaccuratelysimulateoccupantbehaviordur
