Using TRIPS flexibilitiesto improve access toHIV treatment使用旅行flexibilitiesto提高访问HIV治疗

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1、UsingTRIPSflexibilitiesPOLICYBRIEFtoimproveaccesstoHIVtreatmentIntroductionContextTherightofeveryhumanbeingtoaccesstheAntiretroviraltherapysignificantlyreduceshighestattainablestandardsofhealthisnowfullymorbidityandmortalityamongpeoplelivingrecognizedbynumerousnationalconstit

2、utionsandwithHIV(Braitsteinetal.2006).AsofDecemberlegallybindinginternationalhumanrightstreaties.2009,anestimated5.2millionpeoplelivingwithAccesstoessentialmedicinesisnowestablishedHIVinlow-andmiddle-incomecountrieswereasapartoftherighttohealth.1Inthecontextofreceivingantiret

3、roviraltherapy,a12-foldincreaseHIV,thisincludesaccesstoantiretroviraldrugsandsince2003(WHO2010a).Thenew2010othermedicinesessentialforHIVcare,includingWHOHIVtreatmentguidelinesforadultsandmedicinesforthetreatmentofopportunisticadolescentsrecommendstartingHIVtreatmentinfections

4、suchastuberculosis.ataCD4countof350cells/mmtoreduceHIV-relatedmortalityandtopreventopportunisticThispaperreviewshowcountriescansuccessfullyinfectionssuchastuberculosis(WHO2009).usetheflexibilitiesoftheWorldTradeOrganizationThischangehasincreasedthenumberofpeople(WTO)Agreement

5、onTrade-RelatedAspectsestimatedtobeinneedofantiretroviraltherapyofIntellectualPropertyRights(TRIPS)toattheendof2009,from10.1milliontonearlyincreaseaccesstoHIVtreatment.TheMillennium15million(WHO2010)3.ThesituationisevenDeclarationsetin2001thegoaltoachieve,bymoreurgentamongchi

6、ldrenlivingwithHIV:in2010,universalaccesstotreatmentforHIV/December2009,itwasestimatedthatonly355AIDSforallthosewhoneedit(Goal6,Target2).000childrenundertheageof15yearslivingwithThiswasreaffirmedinthePoliticalDeclarationHIVwerereceivingantiretroviraltherapy(WHOonHIV/AIDShighl

7、ightingtheflexibilitiesofthe22010b).Despiteprogress,nearly10millionoftheTRIPSAgreementtoimproveaccesstotreatment.estimated15millionpeopleneedingantiretroviralTheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)Globaltherapyarewithoutaccesstotreatment,makingStrategyandPlanofActiononPublicHealth,it

8、absolutelycriticaltoaccelerateprogrammeInnovationandIntellectualProp