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1、AmericanJournalofTransplantation2011;11:1861–1867C2011TheAuthorsWileyPeriodicalsInc.JournalcompilationC2011TheAmericanSocietyofTransplantationandtheAmericanSocietyofTransplantSurgeonsdoi:10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03615.xTheImpactofConversionFromPrograftoGenericTacrolimusinLiverandKidneyTransplantR
2、ecipientsWithStableGraftFunctionJ.D.Mompera,T.A.Ridenourb,Received22December2010,revised04April2011andK.S.Schonderc,R.Shapirod,A.Humardacceptedforpublication07April2011andR.Venkataramanana,e*aDepartmentofPharmaceuticalSciences,SchoolofIntroductionPharmacy,UniversityofPittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PAbCenter
3、forEducationandDrugAbuseResearch,SchoolThecontributionoftacrolimustoeffectiveimmunosu-ofPharmacy,UniversityofPittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PApressioninsolidorgantransplantationiswellestablishedcDepartmentofPharmacyandTherapeutics,Schoolof(14).TacrolimusisapotentimmunosuppressivedrugPharmacy,UniversityofPit
4、tsburgh,Pittsburgh,PAwithanarrowtherapeuticindex,andseveralstudieshavedDepartmentofSurgery,SchoolofMedicine,UniversitydemonstratedthattherapeuticdrugmonitoringprovidesofPittsburgh,Pittsburgh,PAeinformationofpredictivevalueformanagingtherisksofDepartmentofPathology,SchoolofMedicine,UniversityofPitts
5、burgh,Pittsburgh,PAconcentration-relatedrejectionandtoxicities(57).*Correspondingauthor:RamanVenkataramanan,rv@pitt.eduInAugust2009,theUSFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)approvedthefirstgenericformulationoftacrolimus,manufacturedbySandoz(Holzkirchen,Germany)(8).TheBioequivalenceoftherecentlyavailablege
6、nericuseofgenericmedicationsiswidespreadandrepresentstacrolimusformulation,manufacturedbySandoz,tothereferenceproduct(Prograf;AstellasPharma,Tokyo,aviablecost-savingopportunityinthefaceofrisinghealthJapan)hasbeendemonstratedinhealthysubjects.carecosts(9).However,whileeconomicsisthedriv-However,thes
7、afetyandefficacyofsubstitutionwithingforcebehindutilizationofgenericdrugproducts,pa-generictacrolimusintransplantpatientshavenotbeentientwelfaremustremaintheprincipalconsideration.Cur-evaluated.Tacrolimustro