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1、BOATSINTHEINDUSDELTAANDONTHECOASTLINEOFSINDHDEVELOPMENTINHISTORICALPERSPECTIVEN.A.Baloch1AllrightsreservedThepaperPresentedattheUNESCOSeminaronSilkRoadKarachi,Pakistan.27November–1December1990.Publishedby,DepartmentofCulture&Tourism,GovernmentofSindh,Karachi,Pakistan.1990.PrintedbyELMIprint
2、ersKarachi.ComposedbyPrintLinkComputers(PVT)LtdKarachi.PH.5475762TheauthorN.A.Baloch(M.A.L.L.B.Alig.,M.A.Ed.DColumbia,N.Y)hasservedasUniversityProfessorandalsoheldadministrativepostsasViceChancellor,andDirector/Advisorinnationalresearchinstitutions.HeisamemberoftheInternationalEditorialComm
3、itteeforUNESCO'SHistoryofCentralAsianCivilization.3PrefaceMan'sconquestofoceanshadahumblebeginninginhisprimitiveattemptsatbuildingwood-grassfloats,andcruderaftsandboats.Thestoryofman'sboatbuildingisofimportanceinthecontextofculturalanthropology.ItisalsooneofthemostsignificantfeaturesoftheRi
4、verCivilizations.ThisbriefmonographattemptstotractthedevelopmentofboatintheIndusdeltaandonlakesandthecoastlineofSindh.Informationhasbeendrawnfromoraltradition,fieldstudy,andhistoricalandliterarysourcestothrowsomelightonthesubject,whichneedsfurtherinvestigationandelaboration.N.A.BalochHydera
5、bad6.5.19904BOATSINTHEINDUSDELTAANDONLAKESANDTHECOASTLINEOFSINDHBoatsandboatsmenhaveplayedanimportantroleintheculturalandcommerciallifeofSindh(Pakistan)fromtimesimmemorial.Thepre-historicantiquityoftheSindhianboatisattestedbyitsrepresentationsintheMoenjodaroseals.Therichvarietyofboatculture
6、inSindhhasbeenduetoitsthreenaturalwaterfrontstheriverthelakesandthesea.Lengthwise,themightyIndushastraversedthecountryinitsmaincourseforaboutsixhundredmiles,throwingoffitsdeltaicbranchesperiodically.InitslargeandsmallchannelstheIndushascombedtheentiremiddlebeltofSindh,forcingtheancientaswel
7、lasthemodemdwellertolearntolivewithitswatersandvagaries.Boatsbecametheonlymeanstocrossthechannel,transportgrain,foodstuff,andsurviveifatallinperiodicfloods.Theriverianbeltaboundedinthickforecastswithwoodlogs,reedsandgrassbeingeasilyavailabletomakeallsort
