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1、May14,20129:31WSPC/INSTRUCTIONFILE00585CosmologyandParticleAstrophysics(CosPA2011)InternationalJournalofModernPhysics:ConferenceSeriesVol.10(2012)137–146cWorldScientificPublishingCompanyDOI:10.1142/S2010194512005855QUARK-CLUSTERSTARS:HINTSFROMTHESURFACESHIDAIa
2、ndRENXINXUSchoolofPhysicsandStateKeyLaboratoryofNuclearPhysicsandTechnology,PekingUniversity,Beijing,100871,China;{daishi,r.x.xu}@pku.edu.cnReceived18January2012Revised31January2012Thematterinsidepulsar-likecompactstarscouldbeinaquark-clusterphasesinceincoldde
3、nsematteratafewnucleardensities(ρ∼2−10ρ0),quarkscouldbecoupledstillverystronglyandcondensateinpositionspacetoformquarkclusters.Quark-clusterstarsarechromaticallyconfinedandcouldinitiallybebare,thereforethesurfacepropertiesofquark-clusterstarswouldbequitedifferen
4、tfromthatofconventionalneutronstars.Somefactsindicatethatabareandself-confinedsurfaceofpulsar-likecompactstarsmightbenecessaryinordertonaturallyunderstanddifferentobservationalmanifestations.Ononehand,asforexplainingthedriftingsub-pulsephenomena,thebindingenergy
5、ofparticlesonpulsarsurfaceshouldbehighenoughtoproducevacuumgaps,whichindicatesthatpulsar’ssurfacemightbestronglyself-confined.Ontheotherhand,abaresurfaceofquark-clusterstarcanovercomethebaryoncontaminationproblemofγ-rayburstaswellaspromoteasuccessfulcore-collap
6、sesupernova.Whatismore,thenon-atomicthermalspectraofdeadpulsarsmayindicatealsoabaresurfacewithoutatmosphere,andthehydro-cyclotronoscillationoftheelectronseaabovethequark-clusterstarsurfacecouldberesponsibleforthoseabsorptionfeaturesdetected.Thesehintscouldrefle
7、ctthepropertyofcompactstar’ssurfaceandpossiblythestateofcondensedmatterinside,andthenmightfinallyresultinidentifyingquark-clusterstars.Keywords:Pulsars;densematter;quarkmatter.PACSnumbers:97.60.Gb,26.60.Kp,21.65.Qr1.IntroductionInt.J.Mod.Phys.Conf.Ser.2012.10:1
8、37-146.Downloadedfromwww.worldscientific.comPulsar-likecompactstarsasthedensestobservableobjectsintheuniverse,arenotonlyimportantinunderstandingdiversephenomenainastronomy,butalsos
