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1、Quarkdeconfinementincompactstars:IreneParentiUniv.ofFerraraItalyconnectionwithGRBsInternationalsummerschool:“HotpointsinAstrophysicsandCosmology”Dubna,Russia2–13August2004August2004IreneParentiINFNofFerraraItalySummaryShortoverviewonGamma-RayBursts(GRBs)Delayednu
2、cleationofQuarkMatterHowtogenerateGamma-RayBurstsfromdeconfinementConclusionsAugust2004IreneParentiImplicationforthemassandradiusofcompactstarsGamma-RayBursts(GRBs)Spatialdistribution:isotropicDistance:cosmological(1-10)∙109lyEnergyrange:100KeV–afewMeVEmittedener
3、gy:1051erg(beamed/jets)Duration:(0,01-300)sshortGRBsfewms–2slongGRBs2s–few100sJ.S.Bloom,D.A.Frail,S.R.Kulkarni,ApJ594,2003August2004IreneParentiGRBandsupernovaeConnectionbetweenGRBandSupernovaeEvidenceforatomiclinesinthespectraoftheX-rayafterglowtimedelayΔtbetwee
4、ntheSupernovaexplosionandtheGamma-RayBurst.August2004IreneParentiTimedelayfromSNtoGRBGRB990705ΔT≈10yrAmatietal.,Science290,2000,953GRB011211ΔT≈4daysWatsonetal.,ApJ595,2003,L29GRB030227ΔT≈3-80daysReevesetal.,Nature2002August2004IreneParentiAtwo-stagesscenario1stex
5、plosion:SUPERNOVA(birthofaNS)2nd“explosion”:CENTRALENGINEOFTHEGRB(ass.withtheNS)Whatistheoriginofthe2nd“explosion”?Howtoexplainthelongtimedelaybetweenthetwoevents?openquestionsAugust2004IreneParentiA.Drago,A.LavagnoandG.PagliaraPhys.Rev.D69(2004)057505whencolorsu
6、perconductivityistakenintoaccount:TheconversionprocesscanbedelayedduetotheeffectsofthesurfacetensionbetweentheHMphaseandtheQMphase.ThenucleationtimedependsdrammaticallyonthecentralpressureoftheHS.Asacritical-sizedropofQMisformedtheHSisconvertedtoaQSoraHyS.Theconv
7、ersionprocessreleases:Econv.≈1052-1053ergDelayedcollapseofaHStoaQSZ.Berezhiani,I.Bombaci,A.Drago,F.FronteraandA.LavagnoApJ.586(2003)1250PureHSHybridStarorQuarkStarPossiblecentralengineforGRBAugust2004IreneParentiTheQuark-DeconfinementNovamodelAugust2004IreneParen
8、tiFinite-sizeeffectsTheformationofacritical-sizedropofQMisnotimmediate.It’snecessarytohaveanoverpressuretoformadroplethavingasizelargeenoughtoovercometheeffect
