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1、RADIOSCIENCE,VOL.46,RS5002,doi:10.1029/2010RS004561,2011Localization,tracking,andimagingoftargetsinwirelesssensornetworks:Aninvitedreview11121F.Viani,P.Rocca,G.Oliveri,D.Trinchero,andA.MassaReceived22November2010;revised14May2011;accepted8June2011;published10Septe
2、mber2011.[1]Wirelesssensornetworks(WSNs)haveshownmanyattractivefeaturesinalotofreal‐worldapplicationsthatmotivatetheirrapidandwidediffusion.OneofthemostchallengingtopicswhendealingwithWSNsisthelocalizationandtrackingofobjectsfrommeasurementscollectedbythenodesthem
3、selves.Oncedistributedinaregionwithouttheknowledgeoftheirpositions,thenodesactivelytakepartinthelocalizationofthenetworkaswellastothedetectionandmonitoringofthepresenceandmovementsoftargetslyingwithinthesensedarea.Thispaperreviewsstate‐of‐the‐artsystemsandapproach
4、esdevelopedforWSN‐basedlocalizationandtrackingofactiveaswellaspassivetargets.Themainfocusisonsystemsthatexploitthestrengthofthereceivedsignal,alwaysavailableattheWSNnodes,withoutadhocoradditionalhardware.RecentstrategiesforWSN‐basedimagingarediscussedaswell.Citati
5、on:Viani,F.,P.Rocca,G.Oliveri,D.Trinchero,andA.Massa(2011),Localization,tracking,andimagingoftargetsinwirelesssensornetworks:Aninvitedreview,RadioSci.,46,RS5002,doi:10.1029/2010RS004561.1.IntroductiontopicwhendealingwithWSNsisthedefinitionoftheposi-tionsandthetrac
6、kingofstaticormovingobjectseither[2]Wirelesssensornetworks(WSNs)consistofnetworksequipped(active/collaborativetarget)ornot(passivetarget)ofautonomousnodes,connectedthroughwirelesslinks,withanodeoratransponder[Boukercheetal.,2007;Patwariaimedatsensingthesurrounding
7、environmentformonitoringandWilson,2010;Lietal.,2002;Huangetal.,2009;Ouandphysicalparametersofinterest[Akyildizetal.,2002;YickSsu,2008;Ssuetal.,2005;BachrachandTaylor,2005;Shinetal.,2008;Sohrabyetal.,2007;Raghavendraetal.,etal.,2010].Inthe“wearable”case,theobjectca
8、nbeitselfa2004].Thankstothereduceddimensionofthenodes,theirnodeorwithanonboardtransponderwirelesslyconnectedsensingcapabilities,thelowpowerconsumption,t
