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1、DNAsensorsplingofaggregatedAuNPs,wasusedtoimageDNAhy-[11–13]bridizationandanalysis.Also,othersensorsystemsDOI:10.1002/smll.200600450werebasedontheaggregationordeaggregationofAu[14,15]NPs.Here,wereportonanautonomousDNA-basedTheAggregationofAuNanoparticlesbyanmachinethatam
2、plifiestheDNAbiorecognitioneventbyAutonomousDNAMachineDetectsViruses**thegenerationofanucleicacidproductthatinducesaggre-gationofAuNPs.TheopticalfeaturesoftheAuNPaggre-MoritzK.Beissenhirtz,RoeyElnathan,gatesallowthecolorimetricimagingofthemachinefunc-YossiWeizmann,andIta
3、marWillner*tionsandtheopticalreadoutofthebiosensingevent.Be-sidestheimportantdemonstrationofthemachine-inducedamplifieddetectionofDNAwithvisualimaging,thesystemThedesignofnucleicacidmachineshasattractedincreasingrevealsanapproachforthe“sensing”ofNPaggregatesthat[1][2]int
4、erestinthelastfewyears.DNA-basedscissors,includeacontrollednumberofAuNPsinaggregatedclus-[3][4][5]motors,walkers,andtransportershavebeendeveloped.ters.SuchaggregatesmaybebuildingblocksforassemblingThepossibleuseofDNA-basedmachinesforsensingpur-nanodevices.poseshasrecentl
5、ybecomeanemergingresearcharea.InFigure1showstheconceptfortheoperationofthethiscontext,theterm“DNAmachine”aimstodescribeaDNAmachine.Anucleicacid1isusedasa“track”onDNAsystemthatperformsamechanicaloperation,suchaswhichthemachineoperates.Thetrackincludestwoimpor-scissionorre
6、plication,wherethemechanicalfunctionistantregions:regionIhybridizeswiththeprimer2,thustriggeredbyafuelsubstrateandthemechanicaloperationleadingtothereplicationofthetrackinthepresenceofyieldsawasteproduct.Themechanicalopeningofafunc-polymerase/deoxyribonucleotidetriphosph
7、ates(dNTPs),tionalhairpinDNA,asaresultofhybridizationwithaandregionIIuponreplicationyieldsadomainthatbindstargetDNAanditsreorganizationintoaDNAzymestruc-thenickingenzymeNb.BbvCI.Thisnickingenzymecutsture,representsasimplesensingsystemthatduplicatesma-thereplicatedstranda
8、tapredefinedsequenceandyieldsa[6]chineryfunctions.Similarly,thenucleicacid-inducedopen-newreplicationsi
