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1、NanoStructuredMaterials,Vol.11,No.8,pp.1277±1284,1999ElsevierScienceLtdPergamonCopyright©2000ActaMetallurgicaInc.PrintedintheUSA.Allrightsreserved.0965-9773/99/$±seefrontmatterPIIS0965-9773(99)00419-5SYNTHESISOFMONODISPERSEAu,Pt,Pd,RuANDIrNANOPARTICLESINETHYLENEGLYCOLF.Bonet,V.Del
2、mas,S.Grugeon,R.HerreraUrbina*,P-Y.SilvertandK.Tekaia-ElhsissenUniversiteÂdePicardieJulesVerne,LaboratoiredeReÂactiviteÂetdeChimiedesSolidesUPRES-A6007,80039Amiens,France*UniversidaddeSonora,DepartamentodeIngenieriaQuimicayMetalurgia,83000Hermosillo,Sonora,Mexico(ReceivedJune22,19
3、99)(AcceptedNovember5,1999)AbstractÐAu,Pt,Pd,RuandIrnanoparticleswithanarrowsizedistributionhavebeensynthesizedbychemicalreductionoftheircorrespondingmetalspeciesinethyleneglycol.Inallcases,theaverageparticlesizewasfoundtobesmallerthan10nm.Particlesizewasmainlycontrolledbyvaryingt
4、heinitialtotalmetalconcentration,thereactiontemperature,andtheconcentrationofPVP.WiththeexceptionofIr,metalparticleagglomerationandsinteringwaspreventedbytheadditionofPVP,awellknownprotectiveagentthatalsoaidsparticledispersion.©2000ActaMetallurgicaInc.IntroductionManyphysicalandch
5、emicalpropertiesofmodernmaterialsforelectronics,optics,catalysis,andotherhigh-techapplicationsdependcloselyonthemanufacturingprocess(1).Tomeetthestringentprop-ertiesandcharacteristicsofthesematerials,seldomachievedbyclassicalhightemperaturesynthesisofsolids,precisecontrolofthesynt
6、hesismethodisalwayscrucial.Onecharacteristicthatgivesspecialpropertiestosolidmaterials,whetherintheformofpowdersorthinfilms,isitssize.Whenatleastonedimensionisinthenanometerrange,thematerialexhibitsremarkableandunusualproperties,absentinthebulkphase.Thepreparationofthesesmallsizem
7、aterialsatrelativelylowtemperatureispossibleusingsoft-chemistrymethods,whichofferthepossibilityofproducingtailor-madematerials.Inthecaseofnanosizemetalpowders,theirsynthesisbychemicalreductionofmetalspeciesinbothaqueousandnonaqueoussolutionshasbeenamplyreported(2±5).Electrochemica
8、lreductionhasbeenalsousedtoproduc
