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1、MolecularMicrobiology(1995)16(5),1021-1029StructuralrequirementsfortheglycolipidreceptorofhumanuropathogenicEscherichiacoiiRobertStriker,'UlfNilsson,^AndreaStonecipher,^EscherichiacolihavebeenshowntoadheretoGoranMagnusson^andScottJ.Huitgren^*uroepithelialcellsviatheadhesinP
2、apG,locatedatthe'DepartmentofMolecutarMicrobiology.Box8230.tipofspecializedheteropolymericfilamentousappend-WashingtonUniversity,SchoolofMedicine,St.Louis,agescalledPpili(seetheaccompanyingpaperfordetailsMissouri63110,USA.concerningitsassemblyintopili—Xuetal.,1995).Thisis^O
3、rganicChemistry2.ChemicalCentre,TheLundoneofthemostwellcharacterizedmechanismsofbac-InstituteofTechnology.UniversityofLund,POBox124,teriatadherence(Huitgrenetai,1991;1993).P-piliatedS-22100Lund.Sweden.E.cdiisthemostcommoncauseofnon-obstructiveacutepyelonephritisInhumans,int
4、rothchildrenandadults(Robertsetai,1986).ThereceptorforPpiliistheSummaryGala4GalsaccharideinglycolipidsofthegloboseriesThebindingofuropathogenicBscberichiacolitothe(LefflerandSvanborg-Eden,1980).HaemagglutinationgloboseriesofglycolipidsviaPpiliisacriticalstepassaysdifferenti
5、atedthreeclassesofGadhesin(I,IIandintheinfectiousprocessthatismediatedbyahuman-IU)basedontheirabilitiestomediatehaemagglutinationspecificPapGadhesin.ThreeclassesofPapGadhesinsofapaneloferythrocytesfromdifferentanimalspeciesexistwithdifferentbindingspecificitiestoGalii4Gal-c
6、ontainingdifferentGalof4Gal-containingglycolipids.Thecontainingglycotipids.ThestructuralbasisforPapGGadhesinswerepostulatedtoaccountforthehosttrop-recognitionofthehumanglycolipidreceptorglobo-ismexhibitedbyE.coli(Strombergefai,1990;1991).sidewasinvestigatedbyusingsolublesac
7、charideBasedontheglycotipidpreferenceoftheclassIIPapGanaloguesasinhibitorsofbacterialhaemaggluti-adhesinforgloboside(GbO4)anditsprevalenceinnation.TheminimumbindingepitopewasconfirmedhumanuropathogenicE.coliithasbeensuggestedthatastheGalu4Galmoiety,butpartsoftheGalNAcjtandt
8、hisistheadhesincriticalinhumandisease{Marklundetgiucoseresidues,whichflanktheGala4
