2011-Uppsala University-Modeling and simulation of highway traffic using a cellular automaton approach

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1、U.U.D.M.ProjectReport2011:25ModelingandsimulationofhighwaytrafficusingacellularautomatonapproachDingDingExamensarbeteimatematik,30hpHandledareochexaminator:IngemarKajDecember2011DepartmentofMathematicsUppsalaUniversityModelingandsimulationofhighwaytrafficusingacellularautomatona

2、pproachDingDingAbstractThepurposeofthispaperistodiscoverhowCellularAutomata(CA)canbeappliedtotrafficflowsimulations.First,weintroducethethreetypesoftrafficmodel:microscopictrafficmodel,macroscopictrafficmodelandmesoscopictrafficmodel.Second,toevaluatedynamictrafficflow,wedevelop

3、edatrafficflowsimulatorthatusescellularautomatamodel.WeextendtheexistingCAmodelstodescribetheinfluenceofacaraccidentinsingle-laneanddouble-lanetrafficflowmodel.Wealsoaddthelanechangingrulestosimulatetherealitytrafficcondition.Bysimulation,weanalyzeallpossiblesituations.Thesimulation

4、wasimplementedinMatlabprogramminglanguage.1.MainFeaturesofTrafficStreamTrafficphenomenaareanimportantquestioninmodernsociety.Investigatingonregularpatternoftrafficflowhassignificantmeaning.AnalysisandsimulationoftrafficflowcanbewildlyappliedinTransportationPlanning,TrafficContro

5、landTrafficEngineering.Intheearly90S,NewYorkCitygovernmentdecidedtoconstructthetunneltoNewJersey.Afteranalyzedandmodeledthetrafficflow,theyadjustedtrafficmanagementstrategywhichincreasedthecapacityofcurrentexistingfacilities.Sothetunnelconstructionwasavoided.Trafficstreamiscompl

6、exandnonlinearanddefinedasmulti-dimensionaltrafficlaneswithflowofvehiclesovertime.Trafficphenomenaarecomplexandnonlinear.Vehiclesfollowedeachotheroneachlaneandtheycanchoosedifferentlanewhentheformerpositionisempty.Therearethreemaincharacteristicstovisualizeatrafficstream:speed,d

7、ensity,andflow.1.1.Speed,DensityandFlowSpeed(V)isdefinedastraveldistanceperunittimeintrafficflow.TheprecisespeedofeachcarisdifficultXtomeasure.Inpractice,wecalculatetheaveragespeedofthesamplevehicles.Inatimespacediagram,Vtimeismeasuredalongthehorizontalaxisanddistanceismeasureda

8、longtheverticalaxis.Thevelocityofthetrafficstre