句子成分与结构

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1、句子成分与结构一、句子成分***句子七种成分：主、谓、宾、定、状、补、表。（先找谓语）一、主语：Wallshaveears.名词Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.代词Threeplusfourequalsseven.数词Toseeistobelieve.todo不定式Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.动名词Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.主语从句二、谓语：l1、简单谓语：由简单动词或短语动词构成。lHereadsEnglisheverymorning.lT

2、heplanetookoffatteno’clock.l2、复合谓语：l（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词的适当形式构成。lYoumaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.lHehascaughtabadcold.无意义l（2）由系动词加表语构成。Wearestudents.*系动词：1、状态be2、持续keep、remain、stay（保持）3、表象seem、appear——似乎4、感官feel、smell、sound、taste、look5、变化become、grow、turn、fall、get、go（+不好的，eg.变疯变坏）6、证明是、结果是pr

3、ove、turnout三、表语（系动词/连系动词之后）lMyfatherisaprofessor.名词lWho'sthat?It'sme.代词（双宾）lEverythinghereisexpensive.形容词lThematchbecameveryexciting.形容词短语lThestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers介词短语lThreetimesfiveisfifteen.数词lHisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Todo不定式lMyfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeeling

4、s.表语从句四、宾语（动宾、介宾）1、V/+todo(want,wish,hope,,promise,decide,agree)2/V-ing(enjoy、finish、mind、practice、miss、suggest、keep)lShecoveredherfacewithherhands.名词lWehaven'tseenherforalongtime.代词lDoyoumindopeningthewindow?动名词lGivemefourplease.代词和数词lHewantstodreamanicedreamtoto不定式lWeneedknowwhatoth

5、ersaredoing.表语从句lWeshouldcaremoreaboutourfriends介词+名词*双宾：1、间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物。这类句型常有“给某人某物”、“送某人某物”、“留给某人某物”等意思。give(给某人…)bring(带给某人…)tell(告诉某人..)send(送给某人…)leave(留给某人…)pass(递给某人…)read(给某人读…)write(给某人写…)take(给某人拿…)show(给某人看）teach(教某人…)get(给某人弄到…)lend(借给某人…)pay(支付某人…)hand(递某人…）buy(给某人买…）off

6、er(提供某人…)eg.请把这本词典递给他。Passhimthedictionaryplease.2、若直接宾语放在前面，则要在间接宾语前加适当的介词for或to.我把单车借给了他。Ilenthimmybike.=Ilentmybiketohim.小明的爸爸给小明买了一辆单车。XiaoMing’sDadboughtabikeforXiaoMing五、定语（修饰名词，通常单词位于名词前，短语从句位于名词后）lTheyarewomanworkers.名词lTom'sfatherdidn'twritehomeuntilyesterday.名词所有格lMaryisabea

7、utifulgirl..形容词lTheplayhasthreeacts.数词lThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.形容词物主代词/序数词/todo不定式lChinaisadevelopingcountry.现在分词doinglIhavenothingtoeat.Todo不定式lThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.定语从句lAllstudentsinthisclassroomaregirls.介词短语六、状语（地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、伴随）lThebestfishswimn

8、earth