欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:40632078
大小:2.84 MB
页数:137页
时间:2019-08-05
《学术综合英语_罗立胜 U1》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、mainUnit1PresentingaSpeech2012PartASectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformationTollRoadAtollroad(ortollway,turnpike,pike,tollhighwayoranexpresstollroute)isaprivatelyorpubliclybuiltroadforwhichadriverpaysatoll(afee)foruse.Structuresforwhichtollsarechargedincludetollbridgesandtollt
2、unnels.Non-tollroadsarefinancedusingothersourcesofrevenue,mosttypicallyfueltaxorgeneraltaxfunds.Thebuildingorfacilityinwhichatolliscollectedmaybecalledatollbooth,tollPre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningLISTENINGSectionAPre-listening-Backgro
3、undInformationplaza,tollstation,tollbarortollgate.Thisbuildingisusuallyfoundoneithersideofabridgeandatexits.Threesystemsoftollroadsexist:open(withmainlinebarriertollplazas);closed(withentry/exittolls)andall-electronictollcollection(notollbooths,onlyelectronictollcollectiongantri
4、esatentrancesandexits,oratstrategiclocationsonthemainlineoftheroad).Tollroadshavebeencriticizedasbeinginefficientinthreeways:1.Theyrequirevehiclestostoporslowdown,manualtollcollectionwastestimeandraisesvehicleoperatingcosts.Pre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformatio
5、nPartAPartBListeningLISTENINGSectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformation2.Collectioncostscanabsorbuptoone-thirdofrevenues,andrevenuetheftisconsideredtobecomparativelyeasy.3.Wherethetolledroadsarelesscongestedthantheparallel“free”roads,thetrafficdiversionresultingfromthetollsincr
6、easescongestionontheroadsystemandreducesitsusefulness.Pre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningLISTENINGSectionAtollbridgestollbridges:abridgeoverwhichtrafficmaypassuponpaymentofatoll,orfeePartAPartBLISTENINGSectionAfueltaxfueltax:(alsoknownasap
7、etrol,gasolineorgastax,orasafuelduty)anexcisetaximposedonthesaleoffuelPartAPartBLISTENINGSectionA.NewWordsandExpressionsboomingtrade兴旺的贸易immigrant外来移民linktogether连接起来turnpike收费路fee费vehicle车辆,机动车Pre-listeningNewWordsandExpressionsBackgroundInformationPartAPartBListeningLISTENINGS
8、ectionAListenTask1Listentothelectureandtrytoget
此文档下载收益归作者所有