Fact or folklore the Viking attack on London Bridge

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1、Factorfolklore:theVikingattackonLondonBridgeJanRagnarHaglandBruceWatsonOneofthemostdramaticeventsinLondon’sadventurer,nowbecameoneofthecommandershistoryistheVikingattack,ledbyÓláfr(orOlaf)ofÆthelred’smercenaryarmyandhewasHaraldssononLondonBridge.However,asitisbaptisedin994.In995–7here

2、turnedhometonotmentionedintheAnglo-SaxonChronicle,becomeKingofNorway.Heonlyreigneduntilsomehistoriansdoubtittookplace.Brooke1000whenhewasdefeatedattheBattleofSvöldsummeduptheproblemofthehistoricalandthevictor,EirikHakonarson,becamerulerofauthenticityoftheattackthus:“HowmuchofthisNorwa

3、y,butasaDanishvassal.ItisquitelikelyvividscenebelongstotheageofStOlaf,howthatÓláfrTryggvassonhadreceivedEnglishmuchtoimaginationplayingontheoldwoodenassistanceinhisbidforpower,inanattemptby7bridgeinitslastdaysattheturnofthe12thandÆthelredtoweakenhisenemies.13thcenturies,isanicequestio

4、n.WhatiscertainisthatÆthelredreturned,andthatintheconfusedTheyearsafter991werefollowedbymorecampaignswhichfollowedLondonremainedtheScandinavianraidsonEnglandandbyfurtherkeytohispower;itisequallycertainthatStpaymentsofDanegeldin994,1002and1006.InOlaf’smemorywaskeptaliveinLondonbythe100

5、9ÆthelredgatheredafleetatSandwichtodedicationofsixchurchestohim,one,inrepeltheexpectedinvasion,butthismeasureSouthwark,veryclosetothebridgeheisfailedasalargepartofhisfleeteitherwentsupposedtohavepulleddown”.1Wewishtore-raidingalongthesouthcoastorwaslostinexaminethehistoricalcontextand

6、dateofthisstorms.Theremainingvesselswerewithdrawntoallegedattackinthelightofnewresearch.AlsoLondontobartheThamestoThorkelltheTall’swewishtoreconsidertheworkofthepoetorinvasionfleet.InAugust1009Thorkell’sarmyskáld,OttarrtheBlack,whowasthefirstpersonlandedinKent,andattackedCanterbury,wh

7、ichtodescribethisevent.Clarkrecentlyreviewedthepromptlypaidthem£3,000inDanegeldtosavelinguisticoriginsoftheLondonBridgenurserythecityfromdestruction,andthenthey8rhyme,debunkingthepopularlyheldbeliefthatitunsuccessfullyattackedLondon.ItispossibleenshrinesanEnglishfolkmemoryoftheVikingt

8、hatth