Written Translation

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1、WrittenTranslationHistoryabouttranslationathomeandabroad•AtHome:1.古代佛经翻译：支谦-----道安-----鸠摩罗什-----玄奘2.晚清至“五四”时期的翻译：马建忠-----严复-----林纾-----梁启超3.“五四”时期至40年代：鲁迅-----周作人-----茅盾-----林语堂4.20世纪50年代至70年代：傅雷-----钱钟书-----焦菊隐-----许渊冲5.现代翻译；罗新璋等Abroad:1.古罗马时期至18世纪末：西塞罗-----哲罗姆-----马丁.路德-----德莱顿--

2、---泰特勒2.19世纪至20世纪30年代：施莱尔马赫-----洪堡-----克罗齐-----本亚明-----波斯盖特3.20世纪30年代后至今：奈达-----斯坦纳-----纽马克-----威尔斯-----哈蒂姆和梅森UnitOneDifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese •I.   Vocabulary•1.   Meaning•Eg:Bigstormbiggorgebigchimneybigmountainbigriverbigradiobig•stonebigbrotherbigarmybigmanbigdifferen

3、cemakebigtalkbigbe•bigwithyoung•天才天地天国天桥天堂天下天气天然春天秋天天资•2.    Form•3.    Expression•Eg:1.Scientificexploration,thesearchforknowledgehasgivenmanthepractical•resultsofbeingabletoshieldhimselffromthecalamitiesofnatureandthe•calamitiesimposedbyotherman. •2.他初出茅庐,没有什么经验.II.     Sequences

4、ofwords •1.    PositionofAttributives •Eg:alittle,yellow,ragged,lame,unshavenbeggar•2.    PositionofAdverbs •Eg:1.Heisastudentofaverageintelligence,butheworksveryhard.•2.Tomlefttheshopwithoutaword.•3.    Sequenceofcomplicatedsentences• A.  Time•Eg:Theyhaven’tseeneachotherfortenyear

5、s,eversincetheywereinthesame•armyunit.•B.   CauseandCondition•Eg:Theteacherdidnotstopworkingbecausehewasill.•C.  PurposeandResult•Eg:Theyrowedsohardthattheywerequiteexhausted.•III.            SentenceStructure• 17•1.    Similarities•2.    Differences•A.  English:hypotaxis,nouns,pre

6、positionsandconjunctionsarewidelyused.Thesentencesarecloselyconnectedbysomeprepositionsandconjunctions.•Chinese:parataxis,withoutconjunctionsorprepositions.Verbsarewidelyused,withshort,concisesentences.Therearenoconjunctionsbetweensentences.Therelationshipofthesentencesisobviouslys

7、hownthroughthemeaningofthesentences.•Eg:Thisfilmshowedhowtheyputasideathousandacresoutwestwherethebuffaloesroamandnobodycanshootasingleoneofthem.Iftheydo,theygetinjail.ItalsoshowedsomebigNationalParkwithgovernmentairplanesdroppingfooddowntothedeerwhentheygotsnowedandhadnothingtoeat

8、.•B.   Centerofthesentence