The American Attitude Toward Manual Labor 原文&译文

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1、OriginalHomeworkReferenceTheAmericanAttitudeTowardManualLaborManyofthepeoplewhosettledintheUnitedStateswerepoor.Thecountrytheycametowasawilderness.Landhadtobeclearedoftreesinordertomakefarms;mineshadtobedeveloped;houses,shops,andpublicbuildingshadtobebuilt.Everyonehadtohelpbuild

2、them.Manuallaborwashighlyvalued.Lateritwasthemanwhoworkedwithhisheadtoachievesuccessinbusinessandindustrywhowaslookedupto.NowthereisinAmericaacuriouscombinationofprideinhavingrisentoapositionwhereitisnolongernecessarytodependonmanuallaborforalivingandgenuinedelightinwhatoneisabl

3、etoaccomplishwithone’sownhands.TheattitudetowardmanuallaborisseeninmanyaspectsofAmericanlife.Oneisinvitedtodinneratthehomeofamiddle-agedcouple.Itisnotonlycomfortablebutevenluxuriouslyfurnished,andthereiseveryevidenceofthefactthatthefamilyhasbeenabletoaffordforeigntravel,expensiv

4、ehobbies,andcollegeeducationforthechildren;yetthehostessprobablywillcookandservethedinner.Inaddition,shedoesmuchofthehouseholdwork,andeventhoughthehusbandmaybeaprofessionalman,hetalksaboutwashingthecar,diggingintheflowerbeds,orpaintingthehouse.Hiswifemayevenhelphimwiththesething

5、s,justasheoftenhelpsherwiththedishwashingandotherhouseholdchores.Thesonordaughterwhoisawayatcollegemaygetasummerjobentailingmanuallaborto美国人对待体力劳动的态度以前迁入美国的人都很穷。他们去的国家一片荒凉。为了造田他们清除了树木；矿业得发展；房子，商店，和公共建筑有待修建。每个人都得修建它们。体力劳动很受看重。后来是那些用他们的头脑在商业和工业取得成功受到了人们的尊敬。现在在美国有一种奇怪的现象；人们为能晋升到不再需

6、要体力劳动就能谋生而感到骄傲，却又为能够通过自己的手完成一件事而感到由衷的高兴。美国人对待体力劳动的态度在美国人生活中的很多方面得以体现。一个人被邀请到一对中年夫妻家中做客吃饭。他们家不仅很舒服而且还装饰地十分豪华，有各种各样的事实证据可以表明这户人家有钱去国外旅行，享受昂贵的业余爱好，付得起孩子大学教育的钱；然而这户人家的主妇还很可能会亲自下厨，服务。除此之外，她还做大部分家务活。即使他的先生是一个专业人士earnnextyear’sschoolexpense.IthasbeenanAmericanidealtorisefromahumblebegi

7、nningtoabetterposition.Thereforethe“servantclass”hasnotremainedafixedgroup.Infact,ithasalmostceasedtoexistbecausepeople,whoinearlierdaysmighthavebeenservants,nowgethigherwagesworkinginfactories.Themajorityoffamiliescannotaffordtopaywhatpeoplewhodohouseworkorgardeningchargeforthe

8、irservices.Womenwhodohouseworkbythehourmaymaken