participation of upper management and had inadequate policies for human resource development

《participation of upper management and had inadequate policies for human resource development》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、Thepurposeofthisstudyofsmallfirmsistocomparetheprocessofinternationalizationintraditionalmanufacturingcompanieswithcorrespondingprocessesincompaniesorientedtowardinnovation.CasestudieswereconductedinsixsmallNordiccompanies:threeconventionalandthreeinnovative.Theunderlyingcon

2、ceptoftheconventionalcompaniesisstrictlyproductionoriented.Investmentinengineeringworkshopsandaneffectiveorganizationforproductionconstitutetheirmostimportantstrategy.Intheinnovativecompaniestheproductionequipmentisrelativelyeasytomove,andovertheyearsthesecompanieshavechange

3、dthelocationofproductionplantsanumberoftimes.Thebasicmeaningoftechnologyalsodiffersinthetwocategoriesofindustries.Theconventionalcompaniesarebasedonanestablishedtechnologythatcanbepurchasedthroughwell-knownmarketchannels.Intheinnovativecompaniestheprocessofdevelopingnewprodu

4、ctsorservingasintermediarybetweenresearchorganizationsandendusersdemandsclosecontactwithpeopleandorganizationsclosetothetechnologicalcoreoftheindustry.Theconventionalcompaniesareincorporatedintoamultidimensionalindustrialsystemofsuppliers,competitors,andothercompanies,andthe

5、individualcompanieswithintheseindustriesareconstrainedbytherulesdictatedbythesenetworks.Theinnovativecompaniesallhaveaconcentratedproductscope,whichimpliesthatitisrelativelyeasytoachieveefficiencyinvariousfunctionssuchasR&D,production,andmarketingactivities.Thiscleardistinct

6、ionbetweenfunctionshasbeenadvantageoustotheprocessofinternationalization.Theconventionalcompanieshavecharacteristicstypicaloffamily-controlledcompanies,i.e.,themanagementteamconsistsofahandfulofpeopleoftencloselyassociatedwiththeownerfamily.Theobservationontheindustrylevelth

7、atthegameisgovernedbysomeveryrigidrulesisalsoevidentonthemanagementlevel,wherethesignificantpeoplearealwayskeptwithinnarrowlimits.Theindividualsintheinnovativecompanieshaveaveryhighlevelofeducation;theyworkinteamstogetherwithpartnersfromothercompaniesand/ororganizationsandth

8、eyadheretohighprofessionaldemands.Theresultsfromthesesixcasestudiesindicate