Engineering Problems of A New Thermal Seawater Desalination Technology

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1、新型热法海水淡化技术工程化问题EngineeringProblemsofANewThermalSeawaterDesalinationTechnology孔令斌LingbinKong(泸州天叙天成新能源有限公司646600)(LuzhouTianxuTianchengNewEnergyCo.,Ltd,646600)摘要本文介绍了新型热法海水淡化技术体系，揭示了淡水海水温度差等因素影响热量利用效率的规律，建立了以水热比为核心的热法海水淡化装置性能评价理论，分析了新型热法海水淡化技术利用燃油、天然气

2、、太阳能、核能及各类工业余热作热源的工程化问题，提出了适用于海岛、船舰的柴油机余热海水淡化装置设计方案，探明了海水资源综合利用和化解水危机的技术路线。Abstract:Anewthermalseawaterdesalinationtechnologywasintroducedinthispaper.Theinfluencinglawoftemperaturedifferencebetweenfreshwaterandseawateronheatutilizationwasdisclosedand

3、aperformanceevaluationtheoryforthewater-heatratio-basedthermalseawaterdesalinationdevicewasestablished.Engineeringproblemsofthenewthermalseawaterdesalinationtechnologyusingfueloil,naturalgas,solarenergy,nuclearenergyandavarietyofindustrialwasteheatso

4、urceswereanalyzed.Aseawaterdesalinationdevicedesignusingwasteheatofdieselenginewhichisapplicabletoislandsandvesselswasproposed.Finally,thetechnicalrouteforcomprehensiveutilizationofseawaterresourcesandsolvingthewatercrisiswasdeveloped.关键词：海水淡化工程化问题应用

5、Keywords:seawaterdesalination,engineering,problems,applications1、新型热法海水淡化技术体系1.Newthermalseawaterdesalinationtechnologicalsystem水资源短缺问题越来越困扰着人类，也不断促进了海水淡化技术进步。几百年来，热法海水淡化技术从简单的蒸馏法到现在的多级闪蒸法和多效蒸馏法，技术日趋成熟；膜法海水淡化技术也应运而生，现在占据了海水淡化行业的绝大部分市场；电渗析、电容吸附、膜蒸馏、正渗

6、透、冰冻法等海水淡化技术也正在人类的探索中[1]。以上各类海水淡化技术的共同特点是将海水分离成淡水和浓盐水两部份。热法海水淡化技术受热传递、水蒸发冷凝物理规律的制约，膜法海水淡化受渗透压物理规律的制约。其他海水淡化技术也受相应物理规律制约。利用物理规律的合理程度决定技术的先进程度。Watershortagerestrictshumandevelopmentincreasinglyandfacilitatesprogressofseawaterdesalinationtechnologyconti

7、nuously.Inthepastcenturies,thermalseawaterdesalinationtechnologymaturedgraduallyfromthesimpledistillationmethodtonowadaysmultistageflashevaporationandmultiple-effectdistillationmethod.Membraneseawaterdesalinationtechnologyemergedandhasoccupiedmostmar

8、ketintheseawaterdesalinationindustry.Electrodialysis,capacitiveadsorption,membranedistillation,positivepermeationandfreezingmethodareexploring[1].Alloftheseseawaterdesalinationtechnologiesseparateseawaterintofreshwaterandstrongbrine.Thermalseawaterde