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1、第九周《经济学人》翻译练习GladtobegreyType:shortTime:THErecessionof2008-09wasremarkableinrichcountriesforitsintensity,thesubsequentrecoveryforitsweakness.Thelabourmarkethasalsobrokentherules,asnewresearchfromtheOECD,athink-tankofmainlyrichcountries,showsinitsannualEmploymentOutlook.Youngp
2、eoplealwayssufferinrecessions.Employersstophiringthem;andtheyoftengetridofnewrecruitsbecausetheyareeasiertosack.Butinpreviousepisodes,suchastherecessionsofthe1970s,1980sand1990s,olderworkerswerealsobootedout.Thistimeisdifferent.Duringthefinancialcrisisin2008,andsince,theyhave
3、donebetterthanotheragegroups.Theresearchersfocusonmovementsin“non-employment”asashareofthetotalpopulationinthreeagegroupsbetweenthefinalquartersof2007第九周《经济学人》翻译练习and2012.Thismeasurehastheadvantageofincludingnotjustunemployment,wherepeoplearelookingforwork,butalsoinactivity,w
4、herepeoplearenotseekingjobs.Whereastheaveragenon-employmentrateintheOECDhasrisenbyfourpercentagepointsamongyoungpeopleandbyone-and-a-halfpointsamong25-to54-year-olds,ithasfallenbytwopointsamongthe55-64agegroup(seechart).Whyhaveolderemployeesdonesowell?InsomesouthernEuropeanco
5、untriestheybenefitfromjobprotectionnotaffordedtoyoungerworkers,butthatdidnotreallyhelptheminpastrecessions.Whathaschanged,saysStefanoScarpetta,headoftheOECD’semploymentdirectorate,isthatfirmsnowbearthefullcostsofgettingridofolderstaff.Inthepastearly-retirementschemesprovidedb
6、ygovernments(inthemistakenbeliefthatthesewouldhelpyoungpeople)madeitcheapertopushgrey-hairedworkersoutofthedoor.Thesehavelargelystopped.第九周《经济学人》翻译练习Joblossesamongolderworkershavealsobeenmorethanoffsetbyfallsininactivity,reflectingforcesthatwerealreadyapparentbeforethecrisis.
7、Olderworkersarehealthierthantheyusedtobeandworkislessphysicallydemanding.Theyarealsomoreattractivetoemployersthanpriorgenerations.Today’s55-to64-year-oldsaretheadvancesquadofthepost-warbaby-boomerswhobenefitedfrombettereducationthantheirpredecessors.Olderworkersnowhaveasharpe
8、rincentivetostayinemploymentbecauseoftheimpactofthecrisisonwealth.In
