STRUCTURE OF THE AVIAN LYMPHOID SYSTEM

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1、STRUCTUREOFTHEAVIANLYMPHOIDSYSTEM禽类淋巴系统的结构IMREOLÁH*LONNEKEVERVELDE†作者万建美译*DepartmentofHumanMorphologyandDevelopmentalBiology,SemmelweisUniversity,TuzoltoStr.58,Budapest1094,Hungary†DepartmentofInfectiousDiseasesandImmunology,FacultyVeterinaryMedicine,UtrechtUniversity,POBox80.165,

2、3508TDUtrecht,TheNetherlandsINTRODUCTION引言THEGCOFPERIPHERALLYMPHOIDORGANS外周淋巴器官的生发中心（GC）THYMUS胸腺BURSAOFFABRICIUS法氏囊SPLEEN脾脏GUT-ASSOCIATEDLYMPHOIDTISSUES肠道伴随（相关）淋巴系组织（GALT）HARDERIANANDCONJUNCTIVAL-ASSOCIATEDLYMPHOIDTISSUES哈德氏腺和结膜伴随（相关）淋巴组织（CALT）MURALLYMPHNODE附壁淋巴结ECTOPICLYMPHOIDTIS

3、SUEANDTHEPINEALGLAND异位淋巴样组织和松果腺BONEMARROW骨髓BLOOD血液REFERENCES参考文献INTRODUCTION引言Understandingthephysiologyandimmunologyofthelymphoidsystemishandicapedwithoutknowledgeofitsbasicstructure.Lymphomyeloidtissuesdevelopfromepithelial(bursaofFabriciusandthymus)ormesenchymal(spleen,lymphno

4、desandbonemarrow)anlageswhicharecolonizedbyblood-bornehaematopoieticcells.Inthecaseofcentrallymphoidorgans,haematopoieticstemcellsenterthebursalorthymicanlagesanddeveloptobecomeimmunologicallycompetentBandTcells,respectively.Hence,BandTcellsareofextrinsicorigin,asproposedbyMoorea

5、ndOwen(1965,1967)anddescribedinmoredetailinChapter3.缺少淋巴系统结构方面的知识将阻碍我们对淋巴系统生理学和免疫学的理解。淋巴髓质组织（lymphmyeloidtissues）由上皮（法氏囊和胸腺）原基或间充质（脾脏、淋巴结和骨髓）原基发展而来，而上皮（法氏囊和胸腺）原基或间充质（脾脏、淋巴结和骨髓）原基中定殖着血源性造血细胞。在中枢淋巴器官中，造血干细胞进入法氏囊原基或胸腺原基，并分别发育成为免疫活性的B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞。因此，正如Morre和Owen(1965,1967)提出的那样，B淋巴细胞和T淋

6、巴细胞是非固有起源的，详细的讲述见第3章。Immunologicallymaturecellsenterthecirculationandcolonizetheperipherallymphoidorgans:spleen,lymphnodeandgut-,bronchus-andskin-associatedlymphoidtissues.Thisperipheralizationprocesscanbeexperimentallymanipulatedbysurgicalorchemicalinterventions.Thehomingofthely

7、mphocytesoccursthroughhighendothelialvenules(HEV，高内皮小静脉),whicharelocatedintheT-dependentzonesofperipherallymphoidorgans.IntheseorgansBandTcellsoccupydifferentcompartments,referredtoasB-andT-dependentzones,respectively.IntheavianspleentheT-dependentzone–calledperi-arteriolarlymphat

8、icsheath(PALS)–surroundsthespleni