Synthesis, Properties, and Applications of Iron Nanoparticles

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1、reviewsD.L.HuberIronnanoparticlesSynthesis,Properties,andApplicationsofIronNanoparticlesDaleL.Huber*FromtheContents1.Introduction.............4832.Preparation..............4853.Properties................4914.Applications.............4955.SummaryandOutlook...........................

2、.....499Keywords:Iron–animportantelementatmanydimensions.·catalysis·iron·magneticproperties·nanoparticles·synthesis4822005Wiley-VCHVerlagGmbH&Co.KGaA,D-69451WeinheimDOI:10.1002/smll.200500006small2005,1,No.5,482–501IronNanoparticlesIron,themostubiquitousofthetransitionmetalsandthe

3、fourthmostplentifulelementintheEarthscrust,isthestructuralbackboneofourmoderninfrastructure.Itisthereforeironicthatasananoparticle,ironhasbeensomewhatneglectedinfavorofitsownoxides,aswellasothermetalssuchascobalt,nickel,gold,andplatinum.Thisisunfortunate,butunderstandable.Ironsre

4、activityisimportantinmacroscopicapplications(particularlyrusting),butisadominantconcernatthenanoscale.Finelydividedironhaslongbeenknowntobepyrophoric,whichisamajorreasonthatironnanoparticleshavenotbeenmorefullystudiedtodate.Thisextremereactivityhastraditionallymadeironnanoparticles

5、difficulttostudyandinconvenientforpracticalapplications.Ironhoweverhasagreatdealtoofferatthenanoscale,includingverypotentmagneticandcatalyticproperties.Recentworkhasbeguntotakeadvantageofironspotential,andworkinthisfieldappearstobeblossoming.1.IntroductionTheliteratureofironnanopa

6、rticles,aswithallnanopar-behaviorismoreakintomolecules(i.e.,Fe2CO9,Fe3CO12,ticles,issomewhatconfusedbyalackofconsistencyindefi-andlargeranalogues).nitionandterminology.ThereisnotcompleteagreementonFinelydividedironhasbeenstudiedformanyyears,butwhatqualifiesasananoparticle.Ithasbeen

7、arguedthatithasbeenverydifficultuntilrelativelyrecentlytoknowonlyparticlesbetween1and10nminsizecanberegardedjustwhatthedimensionsoftheironstudiedwerewhenthe[1]asananoparticle,basedontheSIunitssystem,orthatparticlesweresmallerthanthewavelengthoflight.Certain-[2]anythingbetween1and10

8、00nmisananoparticle.Thesel