Propagation problems and impulse problems in dynamic economics

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1、UNIVERSITETETS0KONOMISKEINSTITUTTLEDERE:PROFESSORDR.RAGNARFRISCHOGPROFESSORDR.I.WEDERVANGf"'e,.'Publikasjonnr.3.IIIiiPropagati'onProblemsandImpulse:~::"ProblemsinDynamicEconomics.ByIRagnarFrisch.lIOSLO1933Wriit#U@Ii•..;'2'~k:CG.Reprinted/romECONOMICESS

2、AYSINHONOUROFGUSTAVCASSEL.(Lond01l:GeorgeAllen&!UnwinLtd.)I·illPROPAGATIONPROBLEMSANDIMPULSE;..~;~.PROBLEMSINDYNAMICECONOMICS*I·i/•f<-l_~RAGNARFRISCH,UniversityofOslo!.)I.INTRODUCTIONTHEmajorityoftheeconomicoscillationswhichweencounterseemtobeexplained

3、mostplausiblyasfreeoscillations.Inmanycasestheyseemtobeproducedbythefactthatcertainexteriorimpulseshitthe~.economicmechanismandtherebyinitiatt.:moreorlessregularoscillations.Themostimportantfeatureofthefreeoscillationsisthatthelengthofthecyclesandtheten

4、dencytowardsdampeningaredeterminedbytheintrinsicstructureoftheswingingsystem,whiletheintensity(the';.;.camplitude)ofthefluctuationsisdeterminedprimarilybytheexterior'-~impulse.Animportantconsequenceofthisisthatamoreorlessregularfluctuationmaybeproducedb

5、yacausewhichoperatesirregularly.Thereneednotbeanysynchronismbetweentheinitiatingforceorforcesandthemovementoftheswingingsystem.Thisfact'.IIhasfrequentlybeenoverlookedineconomiccycleanalysis.Ifacyclicalvariationisanalysedfromthepointofviewofafreeoscillat

6、ion,wehavetodistinguishbetweentwofundamentalproblems:first,thepropagationproblem;second,theimpulseproblem.Thepropagationproblemistheproblemofexplainingbythestructuralpropertiesoftheswingingsystemwhatthecharacteroftheswingswouldbeincasethesystemwasstarte

7、dinsomeinitialsituation.Thismustbedonebyanessentiallydynamictheory,thatistosay,byatheorythatexplainshowonesituationgrowsoutoftheforegoing.Inthistypeofanalysisweconsidernotonlyasetofmagnitudesinagivenpointoftimeandstudytheinterrelationsbetweenthem,butwec

8、onsiderthemagnitudesofcertainvariablesindifferentpointsoftime,andweintroducecertainequationswhichembraceatthesametimeseveralofthesemagnitudesbelongingtodifferentinstants.This•Thenumericalresultsincorporatedinthepresentstudyhavebe